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and his gods

  • 1 gods

    1) sg - godset иму́щество с, со́бственность ж

    (u)rǿrligt gods — (не)дви́жимое иму́щество

    2) sg - godset груз м, това́ры мн
    3) sg - godset, pl - godser поме́стье с
    * * *
    estate, freight, goods
    * * *
    I. (et)
    ( varer, fragtgods) goods pl;
    (am) freight;
    ( ejendele) property;
    (mar) stores,
    ( tovværk) rigging;
    ( kram) stuff;
    [ det er gods! der er gods i den!] it is good stuff!
    [ det er blandet gods] it is a mixed bag;
    [ hans jordiske gods] his worldly goods (el. possessions);
    [ rørligt og urørligt gods] movables and immovables.
    II. (et -er)
    ( landejendom) estate.

    Danish-English dictionary > gods

  • 2 σκήνωμα

    -ατος + τό N 3 1-32-8-30-9=80 Dt 33,18; Jos 3,14; JgsA 7,8; Jgs 19,9
    tent, hut Dt 33,18; tabernacle Ps 25(26),8; dwelling, habitation Jgs 19,9; σκηνώματα feast of Tabernacles 2 Mc 10,6
    σκήνωμα τοῦ μαρτυρίου tabernacle of the testimony 1 Kgs 8,4 *2 Sm 7,23 καὶ σκηνώματα tabernacles-ואהלים for MT ואלהיו and his gods
    Cf. BARR 1985, 28-35; CAIRD 1976, 82; HORSLEY 1987, 172; →MM

    Lust (λαγνεία) > σκήνωμα

  • 3 इन्द्रः _indrḥ

    इन्द्रः [इन्द्-रन्; इन्दतीति इन्द्रः; इदि ऐश्वर्ये Malli.]
    1 The lord of gods.
    -2 The god of rain, rain; cloud; इन्द्रो वरुणः सोमो रुद्रः । शं न इन्द्रो बृहस्पतिः Tait. Vp.1.1.1. Bṛi. Up.1.4.11.
    -3 A lord or ruler (as of men &c.). इन्द्रो- मायाभिः पुरुरूप ईयते Bṛi. Up.2.5.19. first or best (of any class of objects), always as the last member of comp.; नरेन्द्रः a lord of men i. e. a king; so मृगेन्द्रः a lion; गजेन्द्रः the lord or chief of elephants; so योगीन्द्रः, कपीन्द्रः.
    -4 A prince, king.
    -5 The pupil of the right eye.
    -6 N. of the plant कुटज.
    -7 Night.
    -8 One of the divisions of भारतवर्ष.
    -9 N. of the 26th Yoga.
    -1 The human or animal soul.
    -11 A vegetable poison.
    -12 The Yoga star in the 26th Nakṣatra.
    -13 Greatness.
    -14 The five objects of senses.
    -द्रा 1 The wife of Indra, Indrāṇī.
    -2 N. of a plant (मरुबक Mar. मरवा) [Indra, the god of the firmament, is the Jupiter Pluvius of the Indian Āryans. In the Vedas he is placed in the first rank among the gods; yet he is not regarded as an uncreated being, being distinctly spoken of in various passages of the Vedas as being born, and as having a father and a mother. He is sometimes represented as having been produced by the gods as a destroyer of enemies, as the son of Ekāṣṭakā, and in Rv.1.9.13 he is said to have sprung from the mouth of Puruṣa. He is of a ruddy or golden colour, and can assume any form at will. He rides in a bright golden chariot drawn by two tawny horses. His most famous weapon is the thunderbolt which he uses with deadly effect in his warfare with the demons of darkness, drought and inclement weather, variously called Ahi, Vṛitra, Śambar, Namu- chi &c. He storms and breaks through their castles, and sends down fertilizing showers of rain to the great delight of his worshippers. He is thus the lord of the atmosphere, the dispenser of rain, and governor of the weather. He is represented as being assisted by the Maruts or storm-gods in his warfare. Besides the thunderbolt he uses arrows, a large hook, and a net. The Soma juice is his most favourite food, and under its exhilarating influence he performs great achieve- ments (cf. Rv.1.119), and pleases his devout worshippers, who are said to invite the god to drink the juice. He is their friend and even their brother; a father, and the most fatherly of fathers; the helper of the poor, and the deliverer and comforter of his ser- vants. He is a wall of defence; his friend is never slain or defeated. He richly rewards his adorers, particularly those who bring him libations of Soma, and he is supplicated for all sorts of temporal blessings as cows, horses, chariots, health, intelligence, pros- perous days, long life, and victory in war. In the Vedas Indra's wife is Indrānī, who is invoked among the goddesses.
    *****Such is the Vedic conception of Indra. But in later mythology he falls in the second rank. He is said to be one of the sons of Kaśyapa and Dākṣāyaṇī or Aditi. He is inferior to the triad Brahmā, Viṣṇu and Maheśa (though in some places Viṣṇu is regard- ed as his younger brother, cf. R.14.59,15.4), but he is the chief of all the other gods, and is com- monly styled Sureśa, Devendra &c. As in the Vedas so in later mythology, he is the regent of the atmosphere, and of the east quarter, and his world is called Svarga. He sends the lightning, uses the thunderbolt and sends down rain. He is frequently at war with Asuras, whom he constantly dreads, and by whom he is sometimes defeated. The Indra of mythology is famous for his incontinence and adultery, one prominent instance of which is his seduction of Ahalyā, the wife of Gautama (see Ahalyā), and for which he is often spoken of as Ahalyā-jāra. The curse of the sage im- pressed upon him a 1 marks resembling the female organ, and he was therefore called Sayoni; but these marks were afterwards changed into eyes, and he is hence called Netra-yoni and Sahasrākṣa. In the Rāmāyana Indra is represented as having been defeated and carried off to Laṅkā by Ravaṇa's son called Meghanāda, who for this exploit received the title of 'Indrajit'. It was only at the intercession of Brahmā and the gods that Indra was released, and this humiliation was regarded as a punishment for his seduction of Ahalyā. He is also represented as being in constant dread of sages practising potent penances, and as sending down nymphs to beguile their minds (see Apsaras). In the Purāṇas he is said to have destroyed the offspring of Diti in her womb, and to have cut off the wings of mountains when they grew troublesome. Other stories are also told in which Indra was once worsted by Raja, gran- dson of Purūravas, owing to the curse of Durvāsas, and other accounts show that he and Kṛiṣna were at war with each other for the Pārijāta tree which the latter wanted to remove from Svarga, and which he succeeded in doing in spite of Indra's resistance. His wife is Indrāṇī, the daughter of the demon Pulo- man, and his son is named Jayanta. He is also said to be father of Arjuna. His epithets are numerous; mostly descriptive of his achievements, e. g. वृत्रहन्, बलभिद्, पाकशासन, गोत्रभिद्, पुरंदर, शतक्रतु, जिष्णु, नमुचिसूदन &c. (see Ak.I.1.44.47). The Heaven of Indra is Svarga; its capital, Amarāvatī; his garden, Nandana; his elephant, Airāvata; his horse, Uchchaiśravas; his bow, the rain-bow, and his sword, Paranja.].
    -Comp. -अग्निः the fire produced from the contact of clouds; ˚धूमः frost, snow; ˚देवता the 16th lunar mansion.
    -अनुजः, -अवरजः an epithet of Viṣṇu and of Nārāyaṇa (उपेन्द्र); तस्थौ भ्रातृसमीपस्थः शक्रस्येन्द्रानुजो यथा Rām.6.91.4.
    -अरिः an Asura or demon.
    -अवसानः a desert.
    -अशनः 1 hemp (dried and chewed).
    -2 the shrub which bears the seed used in jeweller's weight, (गुंजावृक्ष).
    -आयुधम् Indra's weapon, the rainbow; इन्द्रा- युधद्योतिततोरणाङ्कम् R.7.4,12.79; K.127.
    (-ध) 1 N. of the horse in Kādambarī (i. e. Kapiñjala changed into a horse).
    -2 a horse marked with black about the eyes.
    -3 a diamond. (
    -धा) a kind of leech.
    -आसनम् 1 the throne of Indra.
    -2 a throne in general.
    -3 a foot of five short syllables.
    -इज्यः N. of बृहस्पति the preceptor of gods.
    -ईश्वरः one of the forms of Śiva-liṅga.
    -उत्सवः a festival honouring Indra.
    - ऋषभ a. having Indra as a bull, or impregnated by Indra, an epithet of the earth. इन्द्रऋषभा द्रविणे नो दधातु Av.12.1.6.
    -कर्मन् m. an epithet of Viṣṇu (performing Indra's deeds).
    -कान्तः A class of the four-storeyed buildings. (Mānasāra 21.6-68).
    -कीलः 1 N. of the mountain मन्दर.
    -2 a rock.
    (-लम्) 1 the banner of Indra.
    -2 A pin, nail, bolt फालका भाजनोर्ध्वे तु तदूर्ध्वे चेन्द्रकीलकम् (Mānasāra 12.126). cf. also Kau. A.2.3.
    -कुञ्जरः Indra's elephant, Airāvata.
    -कूटः N. of a mountain
    -कृष्ट a. 'ploughed by Indra', growing exuberantly or in a wild state. (
    -ष्टः) a kind of corn produced by rain-water.
    -केतुः Indra's banner.
    -कोशः, -षः, -षकः, -ष्ठः 1 a couch, sofa, which is generally made up of covering pieces of perforated wooden planks; cf. अट्टालक- प्रतोलीमध्ये त्रिधानुष्काधिष्ठानं-इन्द्रकोशं कारयेत् Kau. A.2.3.
    -2 a platform.
    -3 a projection of the roof of a house.
    -4 A pin or bracket projecting from the wall (नागदन्त). A projection of the roof of a house forming a kind of balcony; Kau. A.24.
    -गिरिः the महेन्द्र mountain.
    -गुरुः, -आचार्यः the teacher of Indra; i. e. बृहस्पति.
    -गोपः, -गोपकः [इन्द्रो गोपो रक्षको$स्य, वर्षाभवत्वात्तस्य] a kind of insect of red or white colour; Śukra.4.157; K.1.
    -चन्दनम् the white sandal wood.
    -चापम्, -धनुस् n.
    1 a rainbow; विद्युत्वन्तं ललितवनिताः सेन्द्रचापं सचित्राः Me.64; Śi.7.4.
    -2 the bow of Indra
    -चिर्भटा A mild variety of Colocynth. The leaf is tripartite, rough and wrinkled. (Mar. कंवडळ, applied often as इन्द्रावण in the sense of vile, malignant, dark and hateful.)
    -च्छदः A neck- lace of pearls having 18 strings.
    -च्छन्दस् n. [इन्द्र इव सहस्रनेत्रेण सहस्रगुच्छेन च्छाद्यते] a necklace consisting of 1 strings.
    -जः N. of Vālī.
    -जतु n. Bitumen (Mar. शिलाजित).
    -जननम् Indra's birth.
    -जननीय a. treating of Indra's birth (as a work).
    -जा a. Ved. born or arising from Indra. Av.4.3.7.
    -जालम् [इन्द्रस्य परमेश्वरस्य जालं मायेव]
    1 the net of Indra. तेनाह- मिन्द्रजालेनामूंस्तमसाभि दधामि सर्वान् Av.8.8.8.
    -2 a weapon used by Arjuna; a stratagem or trick in war.
    -3 deception, cheating.
    -4 conjuring, jugglery, magical tricks; इन्द्रजालं च मायां वै कुहका वा$पि भीषणा Mb.5.16.55. स्वप्नेन्द्रजालसदृशः खलु जीवलोकः Śānti.2.2; K.15.
    -जालिक a. [इन्द्रजाल-ठन्] deceptive, unreal, delusive. (
    -कः) a juggler, conjurer.
    -जित् m. 'conqueror of Indra', N. of a son of Rāvaṇa who was killed by Lakṣmaṇa. [Indrajit is another name of Meghanāda a son of Rāvaṇa. When Rāvaṇa warred against Indra in his own heaven, his son Meghanāda was with him, and fought most valiantly. During the combat, Meghanāda, by virtue of the magical power of becoming invisible which he had obtained from Śiva, bound Indra, and bore him off in triumph to Laṅkā. Brahmā and the other gods hurried thither to obtain his release, and gave to Meghanāda the title of Indrajit, 'conqueror of Indra'; but the victor refused to release his prisoners unless he were promised immortality. Brahmā refused to grant this extravagant demand, but he strenuously persisted, and achieved his object. In the Rāmāyaṇa he is repre- sented to have been decapitated by Lakṣmaṇa while he was engaged in a sacrifice]. ˚हन्तृ or विजयिन् m. N. of Lakṣmaṇa.
    -ज्येष्ठ a. Ved. led by Indra.
    -तापनः the thundering of clouds.
    -तूलम्, -तूलकम् a flock of cotton.
    -दमनः the son of Bāṇāsura.
    -दारुः the tree Pinus Devadāru.
    -द्युति Sandal
    -द्रुः, -द्रुमः 1 the plant Termi- nalia Arjuna (अर्जुन).
    -2 The plant कुटज.
    -द्वीपः, -पम् one of the 9 Dvīpas or Divisions of the continent (of India).
    -धनुः N. of Indra's bow, the rainbow; स एकव्रा- त्यो$भवत्स धनुरादत्त तदेवेन्द्रधनुः Av.15.1.6.
    -ध्वजः 1 a flag raised on the 12th day of the bright half of Bhādra.
    -2 Indra's weapon; विस्रस्ताकल्पकेशस्रगिन्द्रध्वज इवापतत् Bhāg.1.44.22.
    -नक्षत्रम् Indra's lunar mansion फल्गुनी.
    -नेत्रम् 1 the eye of Indra.
    -2 the number one thousand.
    -नीलः [इन्द्र इव नीलः श्यामः] a sapphire; परीक्षाप्रत्ययैर्यैश्च पद्मरागः परीक्ष्यते । त एव प्रत्यया दृष्टा इन्द्रनीलमणेरपि ॥ Garuḍa. P.; R.13.54;16.69; Me.48,79.
    -नीलकः an emerald.
    -पत्नी 1 Indra's wife, शची.
    -पर्णी, -पुष्पा N. of a medicinal plant (Mar. कळलावी).
    -पर्वतः 1 the महेन्द्र mountain.
    -2 a blue mountain.
    -पुत्रा N. of अदिति.
    -पुरोगम, -पुरःसर, -श्रेष्ठ a. led or preceded by Indra, having Indra at the head.
    -पुरोहितः N. of बृहस्पति. (
    -ता) the asterism Puṣya.
    -प्रमतिः N. of the pupil of Paila and the author of some ṛiks of the Rv.
    -प्रस्थम् N. of a city on the Yamunā, the residence of the Paṇḍavas (identified with the modern Delhi); इन्द्रप्रस्थगमस्तावत्कारि मा सन्तु चेदयः Śi.2.63.
    -प्रहरणम् Indra's weapon, the thunderbolt.
    -भगिनी N. of Pārvatī.
    -भेषजम् dried ginger.
    -मखः a sacrifice in honour of Indra.
    -महः 1 a festival in honour of Indra.
    -2 the rainy season; ˚कामुकः a dog.
    -मादन a. animating or delighting Indra; ये वायव इन्द्रमादनासः Rv.7.92.4.
    -मेदिन् a. Ved. whose friend or ally is Indra; इन्द्रमेदी सत्वनो नि ह्वयस्व Av.5.2-.8.
    -यज्ञः (See इन्द्रमह and इन्द्रमख) श्वो$स्माकं घोषस्योचित इन्द्रयज्ञो नामोत्सवः भविष्यति Bālacharita I.
    -यवः, -वम् seed of the Kutaja tree.
    -लुप्तः, -प्तम्, -लुप्तकम् 1 excessive bald- ness of the head.
    -2 loss of beard.
    -लोकः Indra's world, Svarga or Paradise.
    -लोकेशः 1 lord of Indra's world, i. e. Indra.
    -2 a guest (who, if hospitably received, confers paradise on his host).
    -वंशा, -वज्रा N. of two metres, see Appendix.
    -वल्लरी, -वल्ली N. of a plant (पारिजात) or of इन्द्रवारुणी.
    -वस्तिः [इन्द्रस्य आत्मनः वस्तिरिव] the calf (of the leg).
    -वाततम a. Ved. desired by Indra. अस्मे ऊतीरिन्द्रवाततमाः Rv.1.6.6.
    -वानकम् A variety of diamonds. Kau. A.2.11.
    -वायू (du.) Indra and Vāyu. इन्द्रवायू उभाविह सुहवेह हवामहे Av.3.2.6.
    -वारुणी, -वारुणिका Colocynth, a wild bitter gourd cucumis colocynthis. (Mar. मोठी कंवडळ) किमिन्द्रवारुणी राम सितया कटुकीयते Laghu Yoga- vāsiṣṭha-sāra X. सौवर्चलं हरिद्रा च पिप्पली चेन्द्रवारुणिः । मूत्र- कृच्छ्रे प्रशंसन्ति पिण्डो$यं वाजिनां हितः ॥ शालिहोत्र of भोज 33.
    -वाह् a. carrying Indra.
    -वृक्षः the Devadāru tree.
    -वृद्धा a kind of abscess.
    -वैडूर्यम् a kind of precious stone.
    -व्रतम् Indra's rule of conduct; one of the duties of a king (who is said to follow इन्द्रव्रत when he distri- butes benefits as Indra pours down rain); वार्षिकांश्चतुरो मासान् यथेन्द्रो$प्यभिवर्षति । तथाभिवर्षेत्स्वं राष्ट्रं कामैरिन्द्रव्रतं चरन् ॥ Ms.9.34.
    -शक्तिः f. Indrāṇī, the wife of Indra, or his energy personified.
    -शत्रुः 1 an enemy or destroyer of Indra (when the accent is on the last syllable), an epithet of प्रह्लाद; इन्द्रशत्रो विवर्धस्व मा चिरं जहि विद्विषम् Bhāg.6.9.12. बलिप्रदिष्टां श्रियमाददानं त्रैविक्रमं पादमिवेन्द्रशत्रुः R.7.35.
    -2 [इन्द्रः शत्रुः यस्य] one whose enemy is Indra, an epithet of वृत्र (when the accent is on the first syllable). (This refers to a legend in the Śat. Br., where it is said that Vṛitra's father intended his son to become the destroyer of Indra, and asked him to say इन्द्रशत्रुर्वधस्व &c. but who, through mistake, accented the word on the first syllable, and was killed by Indra; cf. Śik.52; मन्त्रो हीनः स्वरतो वर्णतो वा मिथ्याप्रयुक्तो न तमर्थमाह । स वाग्वज्रो यजमानं हिनस्ति यथेन्द्रशत्रुः स्वरतो$पराधात् ॥
    -शलभः a kind of insect (इन्द्रगोप).
    -संजयम् N. of a sāman. Arṣeya Br.
    -संधा connection or alliance with Indra. तयाहमिन्द्रसंधया सर्वान् देवानिह हुव Av.11.1.9.
    -सारथिः 1 N. of Mātali.
    -2 an epi- thet of Vāyu, driving in the same carriage with Indra; Rv.4.46.2.
    -सावर्णिः N. of the fourteenth Manu.
    -सुतः, -सूनुः 1 N. of (a) Jayanta; (b) Arjuna; (c) Vāli, the king of monkeys.
    -2 N. of the अर्जुन tree.
    -सुरसः, -सुरा a shrub the leaves of which are used in discutient applications (निर्गुंडी).
    -सेनः N. of several men; of Bali; of a mountain; Bhāg.8.2.23.
    -सेना 1 Indra's missile or host.
    -2 Indra's army; Rv.1.12.2.
    -सेनानीः the leader of Indra's armies, epithet of Kārtikeya.
    -स्तुत् m.
    -स्तोमः 1 praise of Indra; N. of a particular hymn addressed to Indra in certain ceremonies.
    -2 a sacrifice in honour of Indra.
    -हवः invocation of Indra; भद्रान् कृण्वन्निन्द्रहवान्त्सखिभ्य Rv.9.96.1.
    -हस्तः a kind of medicament.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > इन्द्रः _indrḥ

  • 4 GOÐ

    * * *
    n. pl. [all the Teutonic languages have this word in common; Ulf. guþa, n. pl., Gal. iv. 8; guda, id., John x. 34, 35; and Guþ, m.; A. S. godu, n. pl., and God, m.; O. H. G. Cot: in mod. languages masc.; Engl. God; Germ. Gott; Dan.-Swed. Gud].
    A. HISTORICAL REMARKS.—In heathen times this word was neuter, and was used almost exclusively in plur., as were also other words denoting Godhead, e. g. regin or rögn = numina, q. v.; and bönd, höpt, prop. = bonds, and metaph. gods:—this plur. usage seems not to refer to a plurality of gods, but rather, as the Hebrew אלהים, to the majesty and mystery of the Godhead; it points to an earlier and purer faith than that which was current in the later ages of the Scandinavian heathendom; thus the old religious poem Völuspá distinguishes a twofold order of gods,—the heavenly powers (regin or ginn-heilög goð) who had no special names or attributes, and who ruled the world, like the Μοιρα or Αισα of Gr. mythology;—and the common gods who were divided into two tribes, Æsir ( Ases) and Vanir, whose conflict and league are recorded in Vsp. 27, 28, and Edda 47.
    II. after the introduction of Christianity, the masculine gender (as in Greek and Latin) superseded the neuter in all Teutonic languages, first in Gothic, then in Old High German and Anglo-Saxon, and lastly in the Scandinavian languages; but neither in Gothic nor in Icel. did the word ever take the masc. inflexive r or s, so that it remains almost unique in form.
    2. in Scandinavian the root vowel was altered from o to u (goð to guð), [Swed.-Dan. gud], yet in old poems of the Christian age it is still made to rhyme with o, Goðs, boðnum; Goð, roðnar, Sighvat; as also in the oldest MSS. of the 12th century; sometimes however it is written ḡþ, in which case the root vowel cannot be discerned.
    3. in Icel. the pronunciation also underwent a change, and the g in Guð ( God) is now pronounced gw (Gwuð), both in the single word and in those proper names which have become Christian, e. g. Guðmundr pronounced Gwuðmundr, whence the abbreviated form Gvendr or Gvöndr. The old form with o is still retained in obsolete words, as goði, goðorð, vide below, and in local names from the heathen age, as Goð-dalir; so also Gormr (q. v.), which is contracted from Goð-ormr not Guð-ormr. On the other hand, the Saxon and German have kept the root vowel o.
    III. in old poems of heathen times it was almost always used without the article; gremdu eigi goð at þér, Ls.; áðr vér heilög goð blótim, Fas. i. (in a verse); ginnheilög Goð, Vsp. passim; goðum ek þat þakka, Am. 53; með goðum, Alm.; in prose, en goð hefna eigi alls þegar, Nj. 132.
    2. with the article goð-in, Vsp. 27: freq. in prose, um hvat reiddusk goðin þá er hér brann hraunit er nú stöndu vér á, Bs. i. (Kr. S.) 22; eigi eru undr at goðin reiðisk tölum slíkum, id.; Hallfreðr lastaði eigi goðin, þó aðrir menn hallmælti þeim, Fms. ii. 52; allmikin hug leggr þú á goðin, Fs. 94; eigi munu goðin þessu valda, Nj. 132, passim.
    3. very seldom in sing., and only if applied to a single goddess or the like, as Öndor-goðs (gen.), Haustl. 7; Vana-goð, of Freyja, Edda; enu skírleita goði, of the Sun, Gm. 39.
    IV. after the introduction of Christianity, the neut. was only used of false gods in sing. as well as in pl., Sólar-goð = Apollo, Orrostu-goð = Mars, Drauma-goð = Morpheus, Bret. (Verel.); and was held up for execration by the missionaries; gör þik eigi svá djarfa, at þú kallir goð hinn hæsta konung er ek trúi á, Fb. i. 371. Yet so strongly did the neut. gender cleave to the popular mind that it remains (Grág. Kb. i. 192) in the oath formula, goð gramt = Goð gramr; and Icel. still say, í Guðanna (pl.) bænum.
    2. guðír, masc. pl., as in A. S. gudas, is freq. in eccl. writers, but borrowed from the eccl. Lat.
    B. IN COMPDS:
    I. with nouns, goða-blót, n. sacrifice to the gods, Fb. i. 35. goða-gremi, f. a term in the heathen oath, wrath of the gods, Eg. 352. goða-heill, f. favour of the gods, Þorst. Síðu H. 9. goða-hús, n. a house of gods, temple, Dropl. 11, Nj. 131, Fb. i. 337. goða-stallar, m. pl. the altar in temples, Fas. i. 454. goða-stúka, u, f. the sanctuary in heathen temples, answering to the choir or sanctuary in churches, Landn. 335 (App.) goða-tala, u, f. in the phrase, í goðatölu, in the tale ( list) of gods, 625. 41. goð-borinn, part. διογενής, god-born, Hkv. 1. 29. goð-brúðr, f. bride of the gods (the goddess Skaði), Edda (in a verse). Goð-dalir, m. pl. a local name, hence Goð-dælir, m. pl. a family, Landn. goð-gá, f. blasphemy against the gods, Nj. 163, Ld. 180. goð-heimr, m. the home of the gods, Stor. 20, cp. Ýt. goð-konungr, m. (cp. Gr. διογενής βασιλεύς), a king,—kings being deemed the offspring of gods, Ýt. goð-kunnigr and goð-kyndr, adj. of the kith of gods, Edda 6, 11, 13. goð-lauss, adj. godless, a nickname, Landn. goð-lax, m. a kind of salmon, Edda (Gl.) goð-leiðr, adj. loathed by the gods, Korm. goð-máligr, adj. skilled in the lore of the gods, Hým. 38. goð-mögn, n. pl. divine powers, deities, Edda 1; biðja til þinna goðmagna, Bret. (Verel.) goð-reið, f. ‘a ride of gods’ through the air, a meteor, thought to forebode great events, Glúm. (in a verse), cp. the Swed. åska. goð-rifi, n. scorn of the gods, Sks. 435. goð-rækr, adj. ‘god-forsaken,’ wicked, 623. 30. goðum-leiðr, adj. = goðleiðr, Landn. (in a verse). goð-vargr, m. a ‘god-worrier,’ sacrilegus, ‘lupus in sanctis,’ Bs. i. 13 (in a verse). goð-vefr, vide guðvefr. goð-vegr, m. the way of the gods, the heaven, the sky, Hdl. 5. Goð-þjóð, f. the abode of the gods, Vsp.:—but Goth. Gut-þjuda = the land of the Goths, by assimilation Goð-þjóð, passim in old poems and the Sagas.
    II. with pr. names, originally Goð-, later and mod. Guð-; of men, Guð-brandr, Guð-laugr, Guð-leifr, Guð-mundr, Guð-röðr, Guð-ormr or Gutt-ormr, etc.; of women, Guð-björg, Guð-finna, Guð-laug, Guð-leif, Guð-ný, Guð-ríðr, Guð-rún, etc.; cp. the interesting statement in Eb. (App.) 126 new Ed. (from the Hauks-bók), that men of the olden time used to call their sons and daughters after the gods (Goð-, Þór-, Frey-, Ás-); and it was thought that a double (i. e. a compound) name gave luck and long life, esp. those compounded with the names of gods; menn höfðu mjök þá tvau nöfn, þótti þat likast til langlífis ok heilla, þótt nokkurir fyrirmælti þeim við goðin, þá mundi þat ekki saka, ef þeir ætti eitt nafn, though any one cursed them by the gods it would not hurt if they had ‘one’ name, i. e. if they were the namesakes of the gods, Eb. l. c.;—we read ‘eitt nafn’ for ‘eitt annat nafn’ of the Ed. and MS. In Fb. i. 23, the mythical king Raum is said to have had three sons, Alf, Björn, and Brand; the first was reared by the Finns, and called Finn-Alf; Björn by his mother (a giantess), and called Jötun-Björn; and Brand was given to the gods, and called Goð-Brand (Guð-brandr, whence Guðbrands-dalir, a county in Norway); cp. also Eb. ch. 7.
    ☞ For the Christian sense of God and its compds vide s. v. Guð.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > GOÐ

  • 5 Dios

    m.
    God, Jehovah, Lord, Creator.
    * * *
    1 god
    \
    ¡a Dios gracias! thank God!
    a Dios rogando y con el mazo dando God helps those who help themselves
    a la buena de Dios at random, any old how
    ¡alabado sea Dios! God be praised!
    armar la de Dios es Cristo familiar to raise hell, make an almighty racket
    costar algo Dios y ayuda to be very difficult, be a real hassle
    ¡Dios dirá! we shall see!
    Dios los cría y ellos se juntan birds of a feather flock together
    ¡Dios le bendiga! God bless you!
    ¡Dios me libre! God forbid!
    Dios mediante God willing
    ¡Dios mío! my God!, good heavens!
    ¡Dios nos coja confesados! God help us!
    hacer algo como Dios manda to do something properly
    ni Dios familiar not a soul
    ¡por Dios! for goodness sake!, for God's sake!
    que Dios me perdone, pero... God forgive me, but...
    todo Dios familiar everybody
    ¡vaya con Dios! farewell!, God be with you!
    ¡vaya por Dios! good heavens!
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    SM
    1) (Rel) God

    el Dios de los judíos — the Jewish God, the God of the Jews

    bendición 2), temor
    2) [en exclamaciones]

    ¡Dios! — [con sorpresa] God!; [con fastidio] for God's sake!

    ¡Dios mío!, ¡Dios santo! — my God!, good God!

    ¡alabado sea Dios! — praise be to God!

    ¡Dios te bendiga!, ¡Dios te lo pague! — God bless you!

    ¡que Dios nos coja confesados! — God help us!

    ¡con Dios!, ¡vaya usted con Dios! — (may) God be with you! ††, Godspeed! ††

    ¡plegue a Dios! — please God!

    ¡válgame Dios! — good God!

    ¡vive Dios! — by God!

    • ¡Dios me libre! — God forbid!, Heaven forbid!

    ¡líbreme Dios de que...! — God o Heaven forbid that I...!

    ¡líbreme Dios de ese sufrimiento! — Heaven forbid that I should suffer so!

    • ¡ por Dios! — for heaven's sake!

    -¿puedo fumar? -¡claro, por Dios! — "may I smoke?" - "of course! o please do!"

    una limosnita ¡por (el amor de) Dios! — a few pennies, for the love of God!

    • ¡Dios quiera que no llueva mañana! — let's hope it doesn't rain tomorrow

    ¡no lo quiera Dios! — God forbid!

    -ojalá te cures pronto -¡Dios quiera! — "let's hope you get better soon!" - "I hope so too!"

    • ¡ vaya por Dios! — [con compasión] oh dear!; [con fastidio] oh blast! *

    bendito
    3)
    - ¡me cago en Dios!

    costar Dios y ayuda —

    dejado de la mano de Dios —

    - como que hay un Dios

    como que hay Dios que... — you can bet (your bottom dollar) that...

    ¡siéntate como Dios manda! — sit properly!

    Dios mediante nos veremos en mayo otra vez — God willing, we'll see each other again in May

    - como Dios lo echó o trajo al mundo

    pongo a Dios por testigo que no sabía la verdad — as God is my witness o I swear by almighty God, I did not know the truth

    hasta mañana si Dios quiere — good night, God bless!

    que sea lo que Dios quiera —

    he decidido hacerlo, y que sea lo que Dios quiera — I've decided to do it, and worry about it later

    - Dios aprieta pero no ahoga o ahorca
    clamar 2., madrugar 1., 1)
    * * *
    diosa masculino, femenino
    1) (Mit) (m) god; (f) goddess
    2) Dios masculino (Relig) God

    el Dios de los cristianos/musulmanes — the Christian/Muslim God

    Dios Todopoderoso — Almighty God, God Almighty

    gracias a Dios or a Dios gracias — thank God o heaven

    Dios te oiga! — I hope so! o I pray to God you're right!

    por (el) amor de Dios! — for God's sake o for heaven's sake!

    que Dios lo tenga en su gloria — God o the Lord rest his soul

    Dios me libre! — God o heaven forbid!

    alabado or bendito sea Dios! — (Relig) praise God o the Lord!

    bendito sea Dios, mira cómo te has puesto! — (fam) good God o good heavens! look at the state you're in! (colloq)

    válgame Dios! — oh my God!, good God!

    por Dios! — for God's o heaven's sake!

    Dios mío! or Dios santo! — ( expresando angustia) my God!, oh God!; ( expresando sorpresa) (good) God!

    como Dios manda: cómprate un coche como Dios manda buy yourself a real o a proper car; pórtate como Dios manda behave properly; como Dios me/lo trajo al mundo in my/his birthday suit; como que hay (un) Dios (CS) you can bet your bottom dollar (colloq); costar Dios y (su) ayuda (fam) to take a lot of work; hacer algo a la buena de Dios to do something any which way (AmE) o (BrE) any old how; menos pregunta Dios y perdona (AmL) don't ask so many questions; ni Dios (fam) nobody; esto no lo entiende ni Dios or no hay Dios que lo entienda this is completely incomprehensible; todo Dios (fam) absolutely everybody; Dios aprieta pero no ahoga or (RPl) ahorca these things are sent to try us; Dios los cría y ellos se juntan birds of a feather flock together; a Dios rogando y con el mazo dando God helps those who help themselves; Dios da pan a quien no tiene dientes it's an unfair world; al que madruga, Dios lo ayuda the early bird catches the worm; tener a Dios agarrado por las chivas — (Ven fam) to have the upper hand

    * * *
    = God, deity.
    Ex. The article ' God is alive and well at the reference desk' describes an increase in the number of religious references enquiries in public libraries.
    Ex. Exhibits consisted of bronzes of Tibetan deities and famous Lamas, and ritual objects such as mirrors, flasks, fly whisks, and seals.
    ----
    * ¡por dios! = by jingo!.
    * ¡vaya por Dios! = oh dear!.
    * actuar como si + ser + Dios = play + God.
    * adorar un dios = worship + deity.
    * a la buena de Dios = out in the cold.
    * a quien madruga, Dios le ayuda = the early bird catches the worm.
    * armar la de Dios = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.
    * armarse la de Dios = bedlam + break loose, all hell + break loose.
    * ¡Ay Dios! = Heavens!.
    * contra los dioses = against (all/the) odds.
    * creerse Dios = play + God.
    * dejado de la mano de Dios = God-forsaken.
    * dejar a la buena de Dios = leave + Nombre + out in the cold.
    * diosa = goddess [goddesses, -pl.].
    * ¡Dios lo bendiga! = God bless him!, God bless him!.
    * Dios los cría y ellos se juntan = birds of a feather flock together.
    * Dios mediante = God willing.
    * ¡Dios mío! = good grief!.
    * ¡Dios mío! = goodness gracious, oh dear!.
    * ¡Dios no lo quiera! = heaven forbid, heaven forbid.
    * ¡Dios nos libre! = heaven forbid, God forbid.
    * el hombre propone y Dios dispone = Man proposes, God disposes.
    * gracias a Dios = thank goodness.
    * inspirados por Dios, los = divinely ordained, the.
    * olvidado de Dios = God-forsaken.
    * palabra de Dios = word of God.
    * ¡por dios! = in heaven's name, for God's sake, gosh.
    * ¡por dios! = for crying out loud!, goodness gracious, golly.
    * ¡por el amor de Dios! = for crying out loud!.
    * quiera Dios que = God willing.
    * regalo de dios = godsend.
    * ¡Santo Dios! = goodness gracious.
    * si Dios quiere = God willing.
    * temeroso de Dios = God-fearing.
    * todo dios = every Tom, Dick and Harry, everyone and their mother.
    * ¡válgame Dios! = goodness gracious, oh dear!.
    * y Dios sabe qué más = and Heaven knows what else.
    * * *
    diosa masculino, femenino
    1) (Mit) (m) god; (f) goddess
    2) Dios masculino (Relig) God

    el Dios de los cristianos/musulmanes — the Christian/Muslim God

    Dios Todopoderoso — Almighty God, God Almighty

    gracias a Dios or a Dios gracias — thank God o heaven

    Dios te oiga! — I hope so! o I pray to God you're right!

    por (el) amor de Dios! — for God's sake o for heaven's sake!

    que Dios lo tenga en su gloria — God o the Lord rest his soul

    Dios me libre! — God o heaven forbid!

    alabado or bendito sea Dios! — (Relig) praise God o the Lord!

    bendito sea Dios, mira cómo te has puesto! — (fam) good God o good heavens! look at the state you're in! (colloq)

    válgame Dios! — oh my God!, good God!

    por Dios! — for God's o heaven's sake!

    Dios mío! or Dios santo! — ( expresando angustia) my God!, oh God!; ( expresando sorpresa) (good) God!

    como Dios manda: cómprate un coche como Dios manda buy yourself a real o a proper car; pórtate como Dios manda behave properly; como Dios me/lo trajo al mundo in my/his birthday suit; como que hay (un) Dios (CS) you can bet your bottom dollar (colloq); costar Dios y (su) ayuda (fam) to take a lot of work; hacer algo a la buena de Dios to do something any which way (AmE) o (BrE) any old how; menos pregunta Dios y perdona (AmL) don't ask so many questions; ni Dios (fam) nobody; esto no lo entiende ni Dios or no hay Dios que lo entienda this is completely incomprehensible; todo Dios (fam) absolutely everybody; Dios aprieta pero no ahoga or (RPl) ahorca these things are sent to try us; Dios los cría y ellos se juntan birds of a feather flock together; a Dios rogando y con el mazo dando God helps those who help themselves; Dios da pan a quien no tiene dientes it's an unfair world; al que madruga, Dios lo ayuda the early bird catches the worm; tener a Dios agarrado por las chivas — (Ven fam) to have the upper hand

    * * *
    = God, deity.

    Ex: The article ' God is alive and well at the reference desk' describes an increase in the number of religious references enquiries in public libraries.

    Ex: Exhibits consisted of bronzes of Tibetan deities and famous Lamas, and ritual objects such as mirrors, flasks, fly whisks, and seals.
    * ¡por dios! = by jingo!.
    * ¡vaya por Dios! = oh dear!.
    * actuar como si + ser + Dios = play + God.
    * adorar un dios = worship + deity.
    * a la buena de Dios = out in the cold.
    * a quien madruga, Dios le ayuda = the early bird catches the worm.
    * armar la de Dios = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.
    * armarse la de Dios = bedlam + break loose, all hell + break loose.
    * ¡Ay Dios! = Heavens!.
    * contra los dioses = against (all/the) odds.
    * creerse Dios = play + God.
    * dejado de la mano de Dios = God-forsaken.
    * dejar a la buena de Dios = leave + Nombre + out in the cold.
    * diosa = goddess [goddesses, -pl.].
    * ¡Dios lo bendiga! = God bless him!, God bless him!.
    * Dios los cría y ellos se juntan = birds of a feather flock together.
    * Dios mediante = God willing.
    * ¡Dios mío! = good grief!.
    * ¡Dios mío! = goodness gracious, oh dear!.
    * ¡Dios no lo quiera! = heaven forbid, heaven forbid.
    * ¡Dios nos libre! = heaven forbid, God forbid.
    * el hombre propone y Dios dispone = Man proposes, God disposes.
    * gracias a Dios = thank goodness.
    * inspirados por Dios, los = divinely ordained, the.
    * olvidado de Dios = God-forsaken.
    * palabra de Dios = word of God.
    * ¡por dios! = in heaven's name, for God's sake, gosh.
    * ¡por dios! = for crying out loud!, goodness gracious, golly.
    * ¡por el amor de Dios! = for crying out loud!.
    * quiera Dios que = God willing.
    * regalo de dios = godsend.
    * ¡Santo Dios! = goodness gracious.
    * si Dios quiere = God willing.
    * temeroso de Dios = God-fearing.
    * todo dios = every Tom, Dick and Harry, everyone and their mother.
    * ¡válgame Dios! = goodness gracious, oh dear!.
    * y Dios sabe qué más = and Heaven knows what else.

    * * *
    masculine, feminine
    A ( Mit) ( masculine) god; ( feminine) goddess
    los dioses del Olimpo the gods of Mount Olympus
    canta como los dioses she sings like an angel, she sings divinely
    B
    el Dios de los cristianos/musulmanes the Christian/Muslim God
    Dios Todopoderoso Almighty God, God Almighty
    Dios Padre God the Father
    gracias a Dios or a Dios gracias thank God o heaven
    gracias a Dios no pasó nada nothing happened, thank God o heaven
    si Dios quiere God willing
    Dios mediante God willing
    quiera Dios que no sea grave let's hope (to God) it isn't serious
    sólo Dios sabe lo que me costó you've no idea how difficult it was
    ¿lo conseguirá? — no sé, Dios dirá will he make it? — I don't know, we'll just have to wait and see
    estoy seguro que todo saldrá bien — ¡Dios te oiga! I'm sure everything will turn out fine — oh, I hope so! o I pray to God you're right!
    te lo juro por Dios I swear to God
    por (el) amor de Dios: ¡termínalo de una vez, por (el) amor de Dios! get it finished, for God's sake o for heaven's sake!
    ¡una limosnita, por el amor de Dios! can you spare some change, for pity's sake?
    Dios proveerá God o the Lord will provide
    que Dios se lo pague God bless you
    ve con Dios God be with you
    que Dios te bendiga God bless you
    que Dios lo tenga en su gloria God o the Lord rest his soul
    ¡Dios me libre! God o heaven forbid!
    ¡Dios nos libre de esa desgracia! heaven preserve us from such a misfortune!
    si se entera tu padre ¡Dios te libre! God o heaven o the Lord help you if your father finds out!
    ¡sabe Dios lo que habrá estado haciendo! God (alone) knows what she's been up to!
    ¡alabado or bendito sea Dios! ( Relig) praise God o the Lord!
    ¡bendito sea Dios, mira cómo te has puesto! ( fam); good God o good heavens! look at the state you're in! ( colloq)
    ¡alabado sea Dios! otra vez será it wasn't God's will o it wasn't meant to be, maybe next time
    ¡vaya por Dios! oh dear!
    ¡válgame Dios! oh my God!, good God!
    ¡ay, Dios! oh dear!
    ¡por Dios! for God's o heaven's sake!
    ¡Dios mío! or ¡Dios santo! (expresando angustia) my God!, oh God!; (expresando sorpresa) God!, good God!
    ¡Dios! ¡cómo me gustaría estar allí! God! how I'd love to be there!
    a la buena de Dios: hizo el trabajo a la buena de Dios he did the job any which way ( AmE) o ( BrE) any old how
    salieron de viaje a la buena de Dios they set off without making any plans
    abandonó a sus hijos a la buena de Dios she just abandoned her children
    armar la de Dios es Cristo ( fam): armó la de Dios (es Cristo) con lo que dijo she caused a tremendous fuss o an almighty row with what she said ( colloq)
    como Dios manda: una secretaria como Dios manda a real secretary
    cómprate un coche como Dios manda buy yourself a real o a proper car
    pórtate como Dios manda behave properly
    como Dios me/lo echó or trajo al mundo in my/his birthday suit, stark naked ( colloq)
    como que hay (un) Dios (CS); as sure as eggs is eggs ( colloq), you can bet your bottom dollar ( colloq)
    costar Dios y su ayuda ( fam); to take a lot of work
    estar de Dios to be God's will
    estaba de Dios que pasara it was meant to happen o meant to be, it was God's will (that it should happen)
    estar de Dios y de la ley ( Méx fam); to be tremendous o magnificent
    menos pregunta Dios y perdona ( AmL); don't ask so many questions
    necesitar Dios y su ayuda ( fam); to need a lot of help
    ni Dios ( fam); nobody
    esto no lo entiende ni Dios or no hay Dios que lo entienda this is completely incomprehensible
    que Dios nos coja confesados ( Esp); God o the Lord help us!
    ¡que venga Dios y lo vea! I'll eat my hat!
    si eso es verdad que venga Dios y lo vea if that's true, I'll eat my hat!
    todo Dios ( fam); absolutely everybody
    Dios aprieta pero no ahoga or ( RPl) ahorca these things are sent to try us
    Dios los cría y ellos se juntan birds of a feather flock together
    al que madruga, Dios lo ayuda the early bird catches the worm
    tener a Dios agarrado por las chivas ( Ven fam); to have the upper hand
    * * *

     

    dios,
    ◊ diosa sustantivo masculino, femenino

    1 (Mit) (m) god;
    (f) goddess
    2
    ◊ Dios sustantivo masculino (Relig) God;

    el Ddios de los musulmanes the Muslim God;
    gracias a Ddios thank God o heaven;
    si Ddios quiere God willing;
    te lo juro por Ddios I swear to God;
    ¡por (el) amor de Ddios! for God's sake o for heaven's sake!;
    que Ddios te bendiga God bless you;
    ¡Ddios me libre! God o heaven forbid!;
    ¡sabe Ddios! God knows!;
    ¡vaya por Ddios! oh dear!;
    ¡por Ddios! for God's o heaven's sake!;
    ¡Ddios mío! or ¡Ddios santo! ( expresando angustia) my God!, oh God!;

    ( expresando sorpresa) (good) God!;
    ◊ como Ddios manda: un coche como Ddios manda a real o a proper car;

    pórtate como Ddios manda behave properly;
    hacer algo a la buena de Ddios to do sth any which way (AmE) o (BrE) any old how
    dios sustantivo masculino
    1 god
    2 Excl ¡Dios!, good God! ¡Dios mío!, Oh my God!
    si Dios quiere, God willing
    ♦ Locuciones: hacer algo como Dios manda, to do sthg properly
    familiar ni dios, not a soul
    familiar todo dios, everybody
    ' dios' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    armarse
    - bendición
    - berenjenal
    - coger
    - dejada
    - dejado
    - estar
    - gracias
    - hablar
    - proveer
    - temor
    - alma
    - amor
    - amparar
    - bendecir
    - bendito
    - dotar
    - gracia
    - hijo
    - sobre
    English:
    bedlam
    - believe in
    - bird
    - father
    - god
    - godforsaken
    - good
    - goodness
    - gosh
    - grace
    - gracious
    - heaven
    - hell
    - lord
    - serve
    - thank
    - willing
    - word
    - bless
    - Christ
    - proper
    - sake
    - thankfully
    - would
    * * *
    dios, -osa
    ♦ nm,f
    god, f goddess;
    Baco es el dios del vino Bacchus is the god of wine;
    la diosa del amor the goddess of love;
    los dioses del Olimpo the gods of (Mount) Olympus
    dios griego Greek god;
    dios romano Roman god
    ♦ nm
    1.
    Dios [ser sobrenatural] God;
    el Dios de los cristianos the Christian God;
    Fam
    a la buena de Dios any old how;
    hace las cosas a la buena de Dios he does things any old how;
    no sabía cocinar, e hizo el guiso a la buena de Dios he didn't know how to cook, so he trusted to luck when making the stew;
    Fam
    se armó la de Dios es Cristo all hell broke loose;
    Fam
    como Dios: lo pasamos como Dios we had a high old time;
    en esta oficina vivimos como Dios we've got it made in this office;
    tu vecina está como Dios your neighbour's gorgeous;
    la paella estaba como Dios the paella was sublime;
    Fam
    como Dios manda [apropiado] proper;
    [apropiadamente] properly;
    hacer algo como Dios manda to do sth properly;
    Fam
    como Dios me/te/etc. [m5] trajo al mundo in my/your/ etc birthday suit, without a stitch on;
    Fam
    costar Dios y ayuda: nos costó Dios y ayuda subir el piano hasta el quinto piso we had a heck o hell of a job getting the piano up to the fifth floor;
    jurar algo por Dios: ¡te lo juro por Dios! I swear to God!;
    me juró por Dios que no había sido él he swore to God that he hadn't done it;
    Fam
    ni Dios: no vino ni Dios not a soul came;
    esto no lo arregla ni Dios no way will anyone ever fix this;
    tu letra es muy mala, no hay (ni) Dios que la entienda your handwriting's terrible, you can't expect anyone to be able to read it;
    poner a Dios por testigo: ¡pongo a Dios por testigo que yo no lo hice! may God be my witness, I didn't do it!;
    sin encomendarse (ni) a Dios ni al diablo throwing caution to the winds;
    Fam
    todo Dios all the world and his wife;
    vino todo Dios the world and his wife were there;
    a todo Dios le encantó la comida absolutely everybody loved the food;
    a Dios rogando y con el mazo dando God helps those who help themselves;
    Dios aprieta pero no ahoga God tempers the wind to the shorn lamb;
    Dios los cría y ellos se juntan birds of a feather flock together
    2. [en exclamaciones, invocaciones]
    ¡a Dios gracias! thank heavens!;
    ¡a Dios gracias no pasó nada! nothing happened, thank heavens!;
    ¡alabado sea Dios! [al rezar] praise be (to God)!;
    [indica fastidio, sorpresa, alivio] thank God!;
    ¡alabado sea Dios!, ¡otra factura! heavens above, another bill!;
    ¡alabado sea Dios!, ¡por fin ha llegado el pedido! thank heavens, the order has finally arrived!;
    ¡anda con Dios! God be with you!;
    ¡bendito sea Dios! [al rezar] praise be (to God)!;
    ¡bendito sea Dios!, ¡otra carrera en la media! heavens above, another ladder in my tights!;
    ¡bendito sea Dios!, ¡no les ha pasado nada! thank heavens, they're all right!;
    Vulg
    ¡me cago en Dios! for fuck's sake!;
    Dios dirá it's in the lap of the gods;
    ¡gracias a Dios! thank heavens!;
    ¡gracias a Dios que has venido! thank heavens you've come!;
    ¡Dios lo quiera! let's hope so!;
    Dios mediante God willing;
    ¡Dios mío! good God!, (oh) my God!;
    ¡Dios no lo quiera! heaven forbid!;
    Dios sabe God (alone) knows;
    sabe Dios God (alone) knows;
    ¡Dios santo! (oh) my God!;
    ¡Dios santo!, ¿qué vamos a hacer ahora? oh my God! what are we going to do now?;
    ¡santo Dios! (oh) my God!;
    si Dios quiere God willing;
    ¡por Dios! for God's sake!;
    ¡(que) Dios me/nos/ etc[m5]. ampare! heaven help me/us/ etc!;
    (que) Dios le/te bendiga God bless you;
    Esp
    ¡(que) Dios nos coja confesados! heaven help us!;
    ¡(que) Dios le/te oiga! let's hope so!;
    (que) Dios se/te lo pague God bless you;
    (que) Dios me perdone: (que) Dios me perdone, pero es una mala persona forgive me for saying this, but he's not a very nice person;
    (que) Dios me perdone, pero es un cabrón pardon my French, but he's a bastard;
    que sea lo que Dios quiera what will be will be;
    ¡válgame Dios! good heavens!;
    ¡vaya con Dios! may God be with you;
    ¡vaya por Dios! for heaven's sake!, honestly!;
    ¡ve con Dios! God be with you!
    ♦ interj
    Fam God!;
    ¡Dios!, ¡qué aburrimiento! God, how boring!;
    ¡Dios!, ¡qué hambre tengo! God, I'm hungry!
    * * *
    m God;
    ¡Dios mío! my God!;
    ¡por Dios! for God’s sake!;
    Dios mediante God willing;
    si Dios quiere God willing;
    ¡Dios nos libre! God forbid!;
    ¡válgame Dios! good God!;
    ¡vaya por Dios! oh dear!;
    sabe Dios lo que dijo God knows what he said;
    hazlo como Dios manda do it properly;
    a la buena de Dios any old how;
    costar Dios y ayuda be very difficult;
    vivir como Dios fam live like a king;
    armar la de Dios fam raise hell fam
    * * *
    Dios nm
    : God
    * * *
    dios n god

    Spanish-English dictionary > Dios

  • 6 Gott

    m; -es, Götter
    1. ohne Art., nur Sg.; RELI. God; Gott der Herr the Lord God; Gott der Allmächtige God ( oder the) Almighty; der liebe Gott God; gebe Gott, dass... please God...; Gott segne dich! (God) bless you!; Gott sei mit dir / uns! God be with you / us; da sei Gott vor! umg. God ( oder heaven) forbid!; Gott steh uns etc. bei! God ( oder heaven) help us etc.; so wahr mir Gott helfe! so help me God; wie es Gott gefällt as God wills; so Gott will umg. God willing; hier ruht in Gott auf Grab: here lies; was Gott zusammengefügt hat, das soll der Mensch nicht scheiden bei Trauung: those whom God hath joined, let no man put asunder; Gottes Mühlen mahlen langsam Sprichw. the mills of God grind slow (but they grind exceeding small); Gnade 2, helfen 4
    2. in Redewendungen: ach Gott umg., als Füllsel: well; ach du lieber Gott! oder allmächtiger, großer, guter, mein Gott! oder Gott im Himmel! oder o Gott! oh (my) God!, oh no!; milder: good Lord!, goodness!, heavens above!; um Gottes willen! for God’s ( oder heaven’s) sake!; dann mach’s in Gottes Namen! umg. do it then, if you must; ungeduldig: then for God’s sake do it; Gott sei Dank! umg. thank God ( oder goodness, oder heaven); (glücklicherweise) auch fortunately; Gott sei’s getrommelt und gepfiffen! umg., hum. thank God ( oder goodness, oder heaven); leider Gottes umg. unfortunately; Gott sei’s geklagt! umg. worst (Am. bad) luck, unfortunately, alas; Gott hab ihn selig God rest his soul; Gott befohlen! geh., altm. adieu, God be with you; Gott zum Gruß! altm. good morning / afternoon / evening; es ist weiß Gott nicht einfach etc. God knows it isn’t easy etc.; Gott weiß, wo er steckt oder er steckt weiß Gott wo umg. God ( oder heaven) knows where he is; er hat es Gott weiß wem erzählt umg. he told it to somebody, God knows who; um Gottes Lohn for nothing; bist du ganz von Gott verlassen? umg. have you gone completely off your head (Am. rocker)?; den lieben Gott einen guten Mann sein lassen umg. live for the day; den lieben Gott spielen umg. play God; dem lieben Gott den Tag stehlen umg. laze away the day; wie Gott in Frankreich leben umg. live the life of Riley, live ( oder be) in clover, wie Gott ihn / sie geschaffen hat hum. (nackt) naked as the day he / she was born; er kennt Gott und die Welt he knows everyone there is to know; über Gott und die Welt reden talk about everything under the sun; Gott verdamm mich! umg. Fluch: damn me!, dammit!; behüten, gnaden, grüßen, helfen, Wort etc.
    3. (Gottheit) god, deity; der Gott des Krieges the god of war; ein Geschenk der Götter a gift from the gods; wie ein junger Gott spielen, tanzen etc.: supremely well, like an angel; das wissen die Götter umg. God knows, don’t ask me; ein Bild für die Götter umg. a sight for sore eyes; Dummheit
    * * *
    God; Father;
    der Gott
    god
    * * *
    Gọtt [gɔt]
    m -es, ordm;er
    ['gœtɐ]
    1) god; (als Name) God

    Gott der Allmächtige — Almighty God, God (the) Almighty

    an Gott glauben — to believe in God

    2)

    dein Schicksal liegt in Gottes Hand — you are or your fate is in God's hands

    dich hat Gott im Zorn erschaffen! — God left something out when he put you together! (hum)

    er ist wohl ( ganz und gar) von Gott or von den Göttern verlassen (inf) — he's (quite) taken leave of his senses

    Gott ist mein Zeuge (liter) — as God is my witness

    Gott weiß (inf) — heaven knows (inf), God knows (inf)

    ich bin weiß Gott nicht prüde, aber... — heaven or God knows I'm no prude but...

    so Gott will (geh) — God willing, DV (esp Brit)

    über Gott und die Welt reden (fig) — to talk about everything under the sun, to talk about anything and everything

    warum in Gottes Namen...? — why in God's name...?

    leider Gottes — unfortunately, alas

    was Gott tut, das ist wohlgetan — God does all things well

    Gottes Mühlen mahlen langsam (hum) — the mills of God grind slowly (but they grind exceeding fine)

    ein Leben wie Gott in Frankreich führen, wie Gott in Frankreich leben (inf) — to be in clover (esp Brit), to be in the lap of luxury, to live the life of Riley (Brit inf)

    was Gott zusammengefügt hat, soll der Mensch nicht scheiden — what God has joined together let no man put asunder

    3)

    (in Ausrufen) grüß Gott! (esp S Ger, Aus) — hello, good morning/afternoon/evening

    vergelts Gott! (dated) — God bless you, may you be rewarded

    wollte or gebe Gott, dass... (old) — (may) God grant that...

    Gott soll mich strafen, wenn... (old) — may God strike me dumb if...

    ach ( du lieber) Gott! (inf) — oh Lord! (inf), oh heavens! (inf)

    mein Gott!, ach Gott! — (my) God!; (als Leerformel in Antworten) (oh) well, (oh) you know

    Gott behüte or bewahre!, da sei Gott vor! — God or Heaven forbid!

    * * *
    Gott, Göt·tin
    <-es, Götter>
    [ˈgɔt, ˈgœtɪn, pl ˈgœtɐ]
    m, f
    1. kein pl REL (das höchste Wesen) God
    \Gott sei gepriesen God be praised
    \Gott segne Dich! God bless you!
    \Gott hab ihn selig! God rest his soul!
    \Gott sei mit dir/euch! God be with you!
    \Gott ist mein Zeuge (geh) as God is my witness
    hier ruht in \Gott... here lies...
    bei \Gott ist kein Ding unmöglich with God all things are possible
    vor \Gott sind alle Menschen gleich all men are equal before God
    \Gott der Allmächtige Almighty God
    \Gott der Herr the Lord
    \Gott [der] Vater[, der Sohn und der Heilige Geist] God the Father[, Son and Holy Ghost]
    zu \Gott beten to pray to God
    an \Gott glauben to believe in God
    der liebe \Gott (kindersprache) the good Lord
    im Namen \Gottes in the name of God
    jds Schicksal liegt in \Gottes Hand sb [or sb's fate] is in God's hands
    bei \Gott schwören to swear by Almighty God
    2. (ein Gott) god
    ein Anblick [o Bild] für die Götter (fig hum) a sight for sore eyes
    das war ein Bild für die Götter! it was priceless! fam
    jds \Gott sein to be sb's god
    er ist ihr \Gott she worships him like a god
    wie ein junger \Gott spielen/tanzen to play/dance divinely
    3. kein pl (als Ausruf)
    ach [o mein] \Gott! (bestürzt, überrascht) [my [or oh]] God!, [good [or oh]] Lord!; (tröstend) oh dear!; (nun) [oh] well, [oh] you know
    ach \Gott, ich kann nicht klagen well, I can't complain
    ach du lieber \Gott! [good] Heavens!, oh Lord!
    ach du lieber \Gott, wie siehst du denn aus? good Heavens, what do you look like?
    \Gott behüte [o bewahre]! God [or Heaven] forbid!
    behüt dich \Gott! SÜDD, ÖSTERR good-bye!, God bless!
    bei \Gott! by God!
    bete zu \Gott, dass...! pray to God that...!
    \Gott sei Dank! thank God!
    gebe \Gott, dass... pray [or please] God that...
    gebe \Gott, dass alles gut ausgeht please God, may everything turn out right
    gnade dir \Gott, wenn...!, wenn..., dann gnade dir \Gott! woe betide you, if...
    großer [o gütiger] [o gerechter] \Gott! good Lord [or Heavens]!
    grüß [dich] \Gott! SÜDD, ÖSTERR hello!, hallo!, good day [or morning] [or afternoon] [or evening]!
    \Gott im Himmel! Heavens above!, goodness gracious!
    leider \Gottes unfortunately, I'm afraid, alas
    leider \Gottes, ja/nein! I'm afraid so/not!
    in \Gottes Namen! for heaven's [or goodness] sake!
    oh \Gott! [my [or oh]] God!, [good [or oh]] Lord!
    \Gott steh mir bei! (emph fam) God help me!
    vergelt's \Gott! (veraltend) God bless you!
    da sei \Gott vor! God [or Heaven] forbid!
    so \Gott will God willing
    um \Gottes willen! (oh je!) oh my God!; (bitte) for God's [or Heaven's] sake!
    sei um Gottes willen vorsichtig! for God's sake be careful!
    4.
    ▶ du bist wohl von allen Göttern verlassen! you're quite taken leave of your senses!
    ▶ ..., dass [es] \Gott erbarm
    er spielt/kocht, dass es \Gott erbarm his playing/cooking is abominable
    ein Wetter, dass [es] \Gott erbarm abominable weather
    ▶ wie \Gott in Frankreich leben (fam) to live in the lap of luxury, to live the life of Riley fam
    ▶ [nackt,] wie \Gott ihn/sie geschaffen hat (hum fam) naked as the day he/she was born, in his/her birthday suit hum fam, in the altogether dated fam
    ▶ den lieben \Gott einen guten Mann sein lassen to live for the day, to take things as they come
    ▶ dem lieben \Gott den Tag stehlen to laze the day[s] away
    ▶ \Gottes Mühlen mahlen langsam (prov) the mills of the Lord grind slowly[, but they grind exceeding small] prov
    ▶ in \Gottes Namen (fam) in the name of God
    halte dich in \Gottes Namen etwas zurück, wenn du mit ihnen sprichst for Heaven's [or goodness] sake go easy on them when you speak to them
    dann tu es in \Gottes Namen! do it and have done with it!
    ▶ \Gott soll mich strafen, wenn... God damn me if...
    ▶ was \Gott tut, das ist wohlgetan (prov) God does all things well prov
    ▶ \Gott weiß was/wie viel/wann... (fam) God knows what/how much/when...
    da kann man \Gott weiß was finden one can find all sorts of [or God knows how many] things there
    er hat \Gott weiß was erzählt he said God knows what
    ▶ weiß \Gott nicht... (fam) certainly not...
    das ist weiß \Gott nicht zu teuer that is certainly not too expensive
    ich bin weiß \Gott nicht geizig, aber... Heaven [or God] knows I'm not thrifty but...
    ▶ über \Gott und die Welt reden to talk about everything under the sun
    ▶ das wissen die Götter (fam) Heaven [or God] only knows
    ▶ dich hat \Gott im Zorn erschaffen! (hum) God left something out when he put you together! hum
    ▶ was \Gott zusammengefügt hat, soll der Mensch nicht scheiden (prov) those whom God hath joined together let no man put asunder prov
    * * *
    der; Gottes, Götter
    1) o. Pl.; o. Art. God

    vergelt's Gott! — (landsch.) thank you! God bless you!

    großer od. mein Gott! — good God!

    o od. ach [du lieber] Gott! — goodness me!

    Gott behüte — God or Heaven forbid

    über Gott und die Welt quatschen — (ugs.) talk about everything under the sun (coll.)

    Gott sei Dank! — (ugs.) thank God!

    um Gottes Willen — (bei Erschrecken) for God's sake; (bei einer Bitte) for heaven's or goodness' sake

    tue es in Gottes Namen — (ugs.) do it and have done with it

    wie Gott in Frankreich leben — (ugs.) live in the lap of luxury

    den lieben Gott einen guten Mann sein lassen — (ugs.) take things as they come

    wie ein junger Gott spielen/tanzen — play/dance divinely

    das wissen die Götter — (ugs.) God or heaven only knows

    * * *
    Gott m; -es, Götter
    1. ohne art, nur sg; REL God;
    Gott der Herr the Lord God;
    Gott der Allmächtige God ( oder the) Almighty;
    gebe Gott, dass … please God …;
    Gott segne dich! (God) bless you!;
    Gott sei mit dir/uns! God be with you/us;
    da sei Gott vor! umg God ( oder heaven) forbid!;
    bei! God ( oder heaven) help us etc;
    so wahr mir Gott helfe! so help me God;
    wie es Gott gefällt as God wills;
    so Gott will umg God willing;
    was Gott zusammengefügt hat, das soll der Mensch nicht scheiden bei Trauung: those whom God hath joined, let no man put asunder;
    Gottes Mühlen mahlen langsam sprichw the mills of God grind slow (but they grind exceeding small); → Gnade2, helfen 4
    ach Gott umg, als Füllsel: well;
    ach du lieber Gott! oder
    allmächtiger, großer, guter, mein Gott! oder
    Gott im Himmel! oder
    o Gott! oh (my) God!, oh no!; milder: good Lord!, goodness!, heavens above!;
    um Gottes willen! for God’s ( oder heaven’s) sake!;
    dann mach’s in Gottes Namen! umg do it then, if you must; ungeduldig: then for God’s sake do it;
    Gott sei Dank! umg thank God ( oder goodness, oder heaven); (glücklicherweise) auch fortunately;
    Gott sei’s getrommelt und gepfiffen! umg, hum thank God ( oder goodness, oder heaven);
    leider Gottes umg unfortunately;
    Gott sei’s geklagt! umg worst (US bad) luck, unfortunately, alas;
    Gott hab ihn selig God rest his soul;
    Gott befohlen! geh, obs adieu, God be with you;
    Gott zum Gruß! obs good morning/afternoon/evening;
    es ist weiß Gott nicht einfach etc God knows it isn’t easy etc;
    Gott weiß, wo er steckt oder
    er steckt weiß Gott wo umg God ( oder heaven) knows where he is;
    er hat es Gott weiß wem erzählt umg he told it to somebody, God knows who;
    um Gottes Lohn for nothing;
    bist du ganz von Gott verlassen? umg have you gone completely off your head (US rocker)?;
    dem lieben Gott den Tag stehlen umg laze away the day;
    wie Gott in Frankreich leben umg live the life of Riley, live ( oder be) in clover,
    wie Gott ihn/sie geschaffen hat hum (nackt) naked as the day he/she was born;
    er kennt Gott und die Welt he knows everyone there is to know;
    über Gott und die Welt reden talk about everything under the sun;
    Gott verdamm mich! umg Fluch: damn me!, dammit!; → behüten, gnaden, grüßen, helfen, Wort etc
    3. (Gottheit) god, deity;
    der Gott des Krieges the god of war;
    ein Geschenk der Götter a gift from the gods;
    wie ein junger Gott spielen, tanzen etc: supremely well, like an angel;
    das wissen die Götter umg God knows, don’t ask me;
    ein Bild für die Götter umg a sight for sore eyes; → Dummheit
    * * *
    der; Gottes, Götter
    1) o. Pl.; o. Art. God

    vergelt's Gott! — (landsch.) thank you! God bless you!

    großer od. mein Gott! — good God!

    o od. ach [du lieber] Gott! — goodness me!

    Gott behüte — God or Heaven forbid

    über Gott und die Welt quatschen — (ugs.) talk about everything under the sun (coll.)

    Gott sei Dank! — (ugs.) thank God!

    um Gottes Willen — (bei Erschrecken) for God's sake; (bei einer Bitte) for heaven's or goodness' sake

    tue es in Gottes Namen — (ugs.) do it and have done with it

    wie Gott in Frankreich leben — (ugs.) live in the lap of luxury

    den lieben Gott einen guten Mann sein lassen — (ugs.) take things as they come

    wie ein junger Gott spielen/tanzen — play/dance divinely

    das wissen die Götter — (ugs.) God or heaven only knows

    * * *
    ¨-er m.
    God n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Gott

  • 7 अदिति _aditi

    अदिति a. [न दीयते खण्ड्यते बध्यते बृहत्त्वात्; दो-क्तिच्] Free, not tied. आदित्यासो अदितयः स्याम Rv.7.52.1. boundless, unlimited, inexhaustible; entire, unbroken; happy, pious (mostly Ved. in all these senses).
    -तिः [अत्ति प्राणिजातम्; अद्इतिच्]
    1 Devourer i. e. death; यद्यदेवासृज तत्तदत्तुमध्रियत, सर्वं वा अत्तीति तददितेरदितित्वम् Bṛi. Ār. Up.1.2.5.
    -2 An epithet of God.
    -तिः f. [न दातुं शक्तिः]
    1 Inability to give, poverty.
    -2 [दातुं छेत्तुम् अयोग्या] (a) The earth. (b) The goddess Aditi, mother of the Ādityas, in mytho- logy represented as the mother of gods; see further on. (c) Freedom, security; boundlessness, immensity of space (opp. to the earth). (d) Inexhaustible abundance, perfection. (e) The lunar mansion called पुनर्वसु. (f) Speech; या प्राणेन संभवत्यदितिर्देवतामयी (शब्दादीनां अदनात् अदितिः Śaṅkara). (g) A cow. cf. ŚB. on MS. 1-3-49. (h) Milk; wife (?).
    -ती ( dual) Heaven and earth. [अदिति literally means 'unbounded', 'the bound- less Heaven', or according to others, 'the visible in- finite, the endless expanse beyond the earth, beyond the clouds, beyond the sky'. According to Yāska अदिति- रदीना देवमाता, and the verse beginning with अदितिर्द्यौः &c. Rv.1.89.16. he interprets by taking अदिति to mean अदीन i. e. अनुपक्षीण, न ह्येषां क्षयो$स्ति इति. [In the Ṛigveda Aditi is frequently implored 'for blessing on children and cattle, for protection and for forgiveness'. She is called 'Devamātā' being strangely enough represented both as mother and daughter of Dakṣa. She had 8 sons; she approached the gods with 7 and cast away the 8th (Mārtaṇḍa, the sun.) In another place Aditi is addressed as 'supporter of the sky, sustainer of the earth, sovereign of this world, wife of Viṣṇu', but in the Mahābhārata, Rāmāyaṇa and Purāṇas, Viṣṇu is said to be the son of Aditi, one of the several daughters of Dakṣa and given in marriage of Kaśyapa by whom she was the mother of Viṣṇu in his dwarf incarnation, and also of Indra, and she is called mother of gods and the gods her sons, 'Aditinandanas'; See Dakṣa and Kaśyapa also].
    -Comp. -जः, -नन्दनः a god, divine being.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > अदिति _aditi

  • 8 कुम्भः _kumbhḥ

    कुम्भः [कुं भूमिं कुत्सितं वा उम्भति पूरयति उम्भ्-अच् शकं˚ Tv.]
    1 A pitcher, water-pot, jar; इयं सुस्तनी मस्तकन्यस्तकुम्भा Jag.; वर्जयेत्तादृशं मित्रं विषकुम्भं पयोमुखम् H.1.74; R.2.36; so कुच˚, स्तन˚.
    -2 The frontal globe on the forehead of an elephant; इभकुम्भ Māl.5.32; मत्तेभकुम्भदलने भुवि सन्ति शूराः Bh.1.59.
    -3 Aquarius, the eleventh sign of the zodiac.
    -4 A measure of grain equal to 2 droṇas; धान्यं दशभ्यः कुम्भेभ्यो हरतो$भ्यधिकं वधः Ms.8.32.
    -5 (In Yoga phil.) Closing the nostrils and mouth so as to suspend breathing.
    -6 The paramour of a harlot.
    -7 An urn in which the bones of dead bodies are collected.
    -8 A kind of heart-disease.
    -9 N. of a plant (and also of its fruit); क्वचिद् बिल्वैः क्वचित्कुम्भैः क्वचिच्चा- मलकमुष्टिभिः Bhāg.1.18.14.
    -भा A harlot, a whore.
    -भम् A fragrant resin (गुग्गुल).
    -Comp. -उदरः one of the attendants of Śiva; अवेहि मां किङ्करमष्टमूर्तेः कुम्भोदरं नाम निकुम्भमित्रम् R.2.35.
    -उलूकः a kind of owl; हृत्वा पिष्ट- मयं पूपं कुम्भोलूकः प्रजायते Mb.13.111.11.
    -उलूख<?>कम् a medicinal plant (Mar. गुग्गुळ).
    -कर्णः 'pitcher-eared', N. of a gigantic Rākṣasa, a brother of Rāvaṇa and slain by Rāma. [He is said to have devoured thousands of beings including sages and heavenly nymphs, and the gods were anxiously waiting for an opportunity to retaliate upon the powerful demon. After Brahmā had inflicted on him a curse for the humiliation to which he subjected Indra and his elephant Airāvata, Kumbhakarṇa began to practise the most rigid austerities. Brahmā was pleased and was about to grant him a boon, when the gods requested Sarasvatī to sit on his tongue and to pervert it. Accordingly when he went to the god, instead of asking Indrapada he asked Nidrāpada which was readily granted. It is said that he slept for six months at a time, and, when roused, was awake for only one day. When Lankā was besieged by the monkey-troops of Rāma, Ravāṇa with great difficulty roused Kumbhakarṇa, desirous of availing himself of his gigantic strength. After having drunk 2 jars of liquor, he took Sugrīva prisoner, besides devouring thousands of monkeys. He was ultimately slain by Rāma.] Rām.6; R.12.8.
    -2 an epithet of Śiva; Mb.12.
    -कामला a bilious affection.
    -कारः 1 a potter; मृद्दण्डचक्रसंयोगात्कुम्भकारो यथा घटम् (करोति) Y.3.146.
    -2 a mixed tribe (वेश्यायां विप्रतश्चौर्यात् कुम्भकारः स उच्यते Uśanas; or मालाकारात्कर्मकर्यां कुम्भकारो व्यजायत Parāśara).
    -3 a serpent.
    -4 a kind of wild fowl.
    (-री), -कारिका 1 the wife of a potter.
    -2 a kind of collyrium.
    -घोणः N. of a town.
    -जः, -जन्मन् m.
    -योनिः, m.
    -संभवः 1 epithets of Agastya; एतदाख्याय रामाय महर्षिः कुम्भसंभवः Rām.7.8.1; प्रससादोदयादम्भः कुम्भयोनेर्महौजसः R.4.21;15.55.
    -2 an epithet of Droṇa, the military preceptor of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas.
    -3 an epithet of Vasiṣṭha.
    -दासी a bawd, procuress; sometimes used as a term of reproach or abuse.
    -धरः the sign ef the zodiac called Aquarius.
    -पञ्जरः a niche in the wall.
    -राशिः the sign Aqua- rius.
    -रेतस् m. a form of Agni.
    -लग्नम् that time of the day in which Aquarius rises above the horizon.
    -मण्डूकः 1 (lit.) a frog in a pitcher.
    -2 (fig.) an inexperienced man; cf. कूपमण्डूक.
    -शाला pottery.
    -सन्धिः the hollow on the top of an elephant's head between the frontal globes.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > कुम्भः _kumbhḥ

  • 9 ὁ

    ὁ, [full] ἡ, τό, is, when thus written,
    A demonstr. Pronoun.
    B in [dialect] Att., definite or prepositive Article.
    C in [dialect] Ep., the so-called postpositive Article, = relative Pronoun, ὅς, ἥ, ὅ.—The nom. masc. and fem. sg. and pl., ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ, have no accent in codd. and most printed books, exc. when used as the relative ; but ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ differ only in writing from ὃ, ἣ, οἳ, αἳ ; the nom. forms of the article are said by Hdn.Gr.1.474 to be oxytone, and by A.D.Pron.8.7 not to be enclitic. The forms τῶν, τοῖς, ταῖς were barytone (i. e. τὼν, τοὶς, ταὶς ) in [dialect] Aeol. acc. to Aristarch. ap. A.D.Synt.51.26. For οἱ, αἱ some dialects (not Cypr., cf. Inscr.Cypr.135.30H., nor Cret., cf.Leg.Gort. 5.28, nor Lesbian, cf. Alc.81, Sapph.Supp.5.1 ) and Hom. have τοί, ταί (though οἱ, αἱ are also found in Hom.): other Homeric forms are gen. sg. τοῖο, gen. and dat. dual

    τοῖιν Od.18.34

    , al.: gen. pl. fem. τάων [pron. full] [ᾱ], dat. τοῖσι, τῇς and τῇσι, never ταῖσι or ταῖς in Hom.— In [dialect] Dor. and all other dialects exc. [dialect] Att. and [dialect] Ion. the fem. forms preserve the old [pron. full] ᾱ instead of changing it to η, hence [dialect] Dor. etc. ἁ, τάν, τᾶς ; the gen. pl. τάων contracts in many dialects to τᾶν ; the gen. sg. is in many places τῶ, acc. pl. τώς, but Cret., etc., τόνς (Leg.Gort.7.7, al.) or τός (ib.3.50, al.) ; in Lesbian [dialect] Aeol. the acc. pl. forms are τοὶς, ταὶς, IG12(2).645 A13, B62 ; dat. pl. τοῖς, ταῖς (or τοὶς, ταὶς, v. supr.), ib.645 A8, ib.1.6 ; ταῖσι as demonstr., Sapph. 16. The [dialect] Att. Poets also used the [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep. forms τοῖσι, ταῖσι ; and in Trag. we find τοὶ μέν.., τοὶ δέ.., for οἱ μέν.., οἱ δέ.., not only in lyr., as A.Pers. 584, Th. 295, 298 ;

    οἱ μέν.. τοὶ δ' S.Aj. 1404

     (anap.) ; but even in a trimeter, A.Pers. 424. In [dialect] Att. the dual has usu. only one gender, τὼ θεώ (for τὰ θεά) And.1.113 sq. ; τὼ πόλεε Foed. ap. Th.5.23 ;

    τὼ ἡμέρα X.Cyr.1.2.11

     ;

    τὼ χεῖρε Id.Mem.2.3.18

     ;

    τοῖν χεροῖν Pl.Tht. 155e

     ;

    τοῖν γενεσέοιν Id.Phd. 71e

     ;

    τοῖν πολέοιν Isoc.4.75

     (τά S.Ant. 769, Ar.Eq. 424, 484,

    ταῖν Lys.19.17

    , Is.5.16, etc. have been corrected) ; in Arc. the form τοῖς functions as gen. dual fem.,

    μεσακόθεν τοῖς κράναιυν Schwyzer664.8

     (Orchom., iv B.C.):—in Elean and [dialect] Boeot. ὁ, ἡ (ἁ), τό, with the addition of -ί, = ὅδε, ἥδε, τόδε, nom.pl. masc. τυΐ the following men, Schwyzer485.14 (Thespiae, iii B.C.), al., cf. infr. VIII. 5. (With ὁ, ἁ, cf. Skt. demonstr. pron. sa, sā, Goth. sa, sō, ONorse sá, sú, Old Lat. acc. sum, sam (Enn.): —with τό [from Τόδ] cf. Skt. tat (tad), Lat. is-tud, Goth. pata: —with τοί cf. Skt. te, Lith. tĩe, OE. pá, etc.:—with τάων cf. Skt. tāsām, Lat. is-tarum:— the origin of the relative ὅς, ἥ, ὅ (q. v.) is different.)
    A ὁ, ἡ, τό, DEMONSTR. PRONOUN, that, the oldest and in Hom. the commonest sense: freq. also in Hdt. (1.86,5.35,al.), and sts. in Trag. (mostly in lyr., A.Supp. 1047, etc.; in trimeters, Id.Th. 197, Ag.7, Eu. 174 ; τῶν γάρ.., τῆς γάρ.., Id.Supp. 358, S.OT 1082 ; seldom in [dialect] Att. Prose, exc. in special phrases, v. infr. VI, VII):
    I joined with a Subst., to call attention to it, ὁ Τυδεΐδης he—Tydeus' famous son, Il. 11.660; τὸν Χρύσην that venerable man Chryses, I.II: and so with Appellat., Νέστωρ ὁ γέρων N.— thataged man, 7.324 ; αἰετοῦ.. τοῦ θηρητῆρος the eagle, that which is called hunter, 21.252, al. ; also to define and give emphasis, τιμῆς τῆς Πριάμου for honour, namely that of Priam, 20.181 ; οἴχετ' ἀνὴρ ὤριστος a man is gone, and he the best, 11.288, cf. 13.433, al.: sts. with words between the Pron. and Noun,

    αὐτὰρ ὁ αὖτε Πέλοψ 2.105

     ;

    τὸν Ἕκτορι μῦθον ἐνίσπες 11.186

    , cf. 703, al.:—different from this are cases like Il.1.409 αἴ κέν πως ἐθέλῃσιν ἐπὶ Τρώεσσιν ἀρῆξαι, τοὺς δὲ κατὰ πρύμνας τε καὶ ἀμφ' ἅλα ἔλσαι Ἀχαιούς if he would help the Trojans, but drive those back to the ships— I mean the Achaeans, where Ἀχ. is only added to explain τούς, cf. 1.472, 4.20, 329, al.
    II freq. without a Subst., he, she, it,

    ὁ γὰρ ἦλθε Il.1.12

    , al.
    III placed after its Noun, before the Relat. Prons., ἐφάμην σὲ περὶ φρένας ἔμμεναι ἄλλων, τῶν ὅσσοι Λυκίην ναιετάουσι far above the rest, above those to wit who, etc., Il.17.172 ; οἷ' οὔ πώ τιν' ἀκούομεν οὐδὲ παλαιῶν, τάων αἳ πάρος ἦσαν.. Ἀχαιαί such as we have not heard tell of yet even among the women of old, those women to wit who.., Od.2.119, cf. Il.5.332 ;

    θάλαμον τὸν ἀφίκετο, τόν ποτε τέκτων ξέσσεν Od.21.43

    , cf. 1.116, 10.74 :—for the [dialect] Att. usage v. infr.
    IV before a Possessive Pron. its demonstr. force is sts. very manifest, φθίσει σε τὸ σὸν μένος that spirit of thine, Il.6.407, cf. 11.608 ; but in 15.58, 16.40, and elsewh. it is merely the Art.
    V for cases in which the Homeric usage approaches most nearly to the Attic, v. infr. B. init.
    VI ὁ μέν.., ὁ δέ.. without a Subst., in all cases, genders, and numbers, Hom., etc.: sts. in Opposition, where ὁ μέν prop. refers to the former, ὁ δέ to the latter ; more rarely ὁ μέν the latter,

    ὁ δέ

     the former,

    Pl.Prt. 359e

    , Isoc.2.32,34: sts. in Partition, the one.., the other.., etc.—The Noun with it is regularly in gen. pl., being divided by the ὁ μέν.., ὁ δέ.., into parts,

    ἠΐθεοι καὶ παρθένοι.., τῶν δ' αἱ μὲν λεπτὰς ὀθόνας ἔχον, οἱ δὲ χιτῶνας εἵατο Il.18.595

     ;

    τῶν πόλεων αἱ μὲν τυραννοῦνται, αἱ δὲ δημοκρατοῦνται, αἱ δὲ ἀριστοκρατοῦνται Pl.R. 338d

    , etc.: but freq. the Noun is in the same case, by a kind of apposition,

    ἴδον υἷε Δάρητος, τὸν μὲν ἀλευάμενον τὸν δὲ κτάμενον Il.5.28

    , cf. Od.12.73, etc.: so in Trag. and [dialect] Att., S.Ant. 22, etc. ;

    πηγὴ ἡ μὲν εἰς αὐτὸν ἔδυ, ἡ δὲ ἔξω ἀπορρεῖ Pl.Phdr. 255c

     ; if the Noun be collective, it is in the gen. sg.,

    ὁ μὲν πεπραμένος ἦν τοῦ σίτου, ὁ δὲ ἔνδον ἀποκείμενος D.42.6

     : sts. a Noun is added in apposition with ὁ μέν or

    ὁ δέ, ὁ μὲν οὔτασ' Ἀτύμνιον ὀξέϊ δουρὶ Ἀντίλοχος.., Μάρις δὲ.. Il.16.317

    -19, cf. 116 ;

    τοὺς μὲν τὰ δίκαια ποιεῖν ἠνάγκασα, τοὺς πλουσίους, τοὺς δὲ πένητας κτλ. D.18.102

    , cf. Pl.Grg. 501a, etc.
    2 when a neg. accompanies ὁ δέ, it follows δέ, e.g.

    τὰς γοῦν Ἀθήνας οἶδα τὸν δὲ χῶρον οὔ S.OC24

     ;

    τὸν φιλόσοφον σοφίας ἐπιθυμητὴν εἶναι, οὐ τῆς μὲν τῆς δ' οὔ, ἀλλὰ πάσης Pl.R. 475b

     ;

    οὐ πάσας χρὴ τὰς δόξας τιμᾶν, ἀλλὰ τὰς μὲν τὰς δ' οὔ· οὐδὲ πάντων, ἀλλὰ τῶν μὲν τῶν δ' οὔ Id.Cri. 47a

    , etc.
    3 ὁ μέν τις.., ὁ δέ τις.. is used in Prose, when the Noun to which ὁ refers is left indefinite,

    ἔλεγον ὁ μέν τις τὴν σοφίαν, ὁ δὲ τὴν καρτερίαν.., ὁ δέ τις καὶ τὸ κάλλος X.Cyr.3.1.41

     ;

    νόμους.. τοὺς μὲν ὀρθῶς τιθέασιν τοὺς δέ τινας οὐκ ὀρθῶς Pl.R. 339c

    , cf. Phlb. 13c.
    4 on τὸ μέν.., τὸ δέ.., or τὰ μέν.., τὰ δέ.., v. infr. VIII.4.
    5 ὁ μέν is freq. used without a corresponding

    ὁ δέ, οἱ μὲν ἄρ' ἐσκίδναντο.., Μυρμιδόνας δ' οὐκ εἴα ἀποσκίδνασθαι Il.23.3

    , cf. 24.722, Th.8.12, etc.: also folld. by

    ἀλλά, ἡ μὲν γάρ μ' ἐκέλευε.., ἀλλ' ἐγὼ οὐκ ἔθελον Od.7.304

     ; by ἄλλος δέ, Il.6.147, etc. ;

    τὸν μὲν.., ἕτερον δέ Ar.Av. 843

    , etc. ;

    ὁ μέν.., ὃς δέ.. Thgn.205

     (v.l. οὐδέ): less freq. ὁ δέ in the latter clause without ὁ μέν preceding, τῇ ῥα παραδραμέτην φεύγων, ὁ δ' ὄπισθε διώκων (for ὁ μὲν φεύγων) Il.22.157 ;

    σφραγῖδε.. χρυσοῦν ἔχουσα τὸν δακτύλιον, ἡ δ' ἑτέρα ἀργυροῦν IG22.1388.45

    , cf.

    μέν D.

     III ;

    γεωργὸς μὲν εἷς, ὁ δὲ οἰκοδόμος, ἄλλος δέ τις ὑφαντής Pl.R. 369d

    , cf. Tht. 181d.
    6 ὁ δέ following μέν sts. refers to the subject of the preceding clause,

    τοῦ μὲν ἅμαρθ', ὁ δὲ Λεῦκον.. βεβλήκει Il. 4.491

     ;

    τὴν μὲν γενομένην αὐτοῖσι αἰτίην οὐ μάλα ἐξέφαινε, ὁ δὲ ἔλεγέ σφι Hdt.6.3

    , cf. 1.66,6.9, 133,7.6 : rare in [dialect] Att. Prose,

    ἐπεψήφιζεν αὐτὸς ἔφορος ὤν· ὁ δὲ οὐκ ἔφη διαγιγνώσκειν τὴν βοήν Th.1.87

     ;

    ἔμενον ὡς κατέχοντες τὸ ἄκρον· οἱ δ' οὐ κατεῖχον X.An.4.2.6

     : this is different from ὁ δέ in apodosi, v. infr. 7 ; also from passages in which both clauses have a common verb, v. ὅ γε 11.
    7 ὁ δέ is freq. used simply in continuing a narrative, Il.1.43, etc.; also used by Hom. in apodosi after a relat., v. ὅδε 111.3.
    VII the following usages prevailed in [dialect] Att. Prose,
    1 in dialogue, after καί, it was usual to say in nom. sg. masc. καὶ ὅς ; in the other cases the usual forms of the Art. were used (v.

    ὅς A.

     II.I and cf. Skt. sas, alternat. form of sa) ; so, in acc.,

    καὶ τὸν εἰπεῖν Pl.Smp. 174a

    , cf. X.Cyr.1.3.9, etc.; also in Hdt.,

    καὶ τὴν φράσαι 6.61

    , al.
    2 ὁ καὶ ὁ such and such,

    τῇ καὶ τῇ ἀτιμίᾳ Pl.Lg. 721b

     : but mostly in acc.,

    καί μοι κάλει τὸν καὶ τόν Lys.1.23

    , cf. Pl.Lg. 784d ;

    τὰ καὶ τὰ πεπονθώς D.21.141

    , cf. 9.68 ;

    τὸ καὶ τό Id.18.243

     ; ἀνάγκη ἄρα τὸ καὶ τό it must then be so and so, Arist.Rh. 1401a4, cf. 1413a22 ; but τὰ καὶ τά now one thing, now another, of good and bad,

    τὸν δ' ἀγαθὸν τολμᾶν χρὴ τά τε καὶ τὰ φέρειν Thgn.398

    , cf. Pi.P.5.55,7.20, al.;

    τῶν τε καὶ τῶν καιρόν Id.O. 2.53

     ; so πάντα τοῦ μετρίου μεταβαλλόμενα ἐπὶ τὰ καὶ ἐπὶ τά, of excess and defect, Hp.Acut.46 ; cf. A. VI.8.
    VIII abs. usages of single cases,
    1 fem. dat. τῇ, of Place, there, on that spot, here, this way, that way, Il.5.752, 858, al.: folld. by ᾗ, 13.52, etc.: also in Prose,

    τὸ μὲν τῇ, τὸ δὲ τῇ X.Ath.2.12

    .
    b with a notion of motion towards, that way, in that direction, Il.10.531,11.149, 12.124 ;

    τῇ ἴμεν ᾗ.. 15.46

     ;

    δελφῖνες τῇ καὶ τῇ ἐθύνεον ἰχθυάοντες Hes.Sc. 210

     :—only poet.
    c of Manner,

    τῇ περ τελευτήσεσθαι ἔμελλεν

     in this way, thus,

    Od.8.510

    .
    d repeated, τῇ μέν.., τῇ δέ.., in one way.., in another.., or partly.., partly.., E.Or. 356, Pl.Smp. 211a, etc.: without

    μέν, τῇ μᾶλλον, τῇ δ' ἧσσον Parm.8.48

    .
    e relat., where, by which way, only [dialect] Ep., as Il.12.118, Od.4.229.
    2 neut. dat. τῷ, therefore, on this account, freq. in Hom., Il.1.418, 2.254, al. (v. infr.): also in Trag., A.Pr. 239, S.OT 510 (lyr.) ; in Prose,

    τῷ τοι.. Pl.Tht. 179d

    , Sph. 230b.
    b thus, so, Il.2.373, 13.57, etc.: it may also, esp. when εἰ precedes, be translated, then, if this be so, on this condition, Od.1.239,3.224, 258,al., Theoc.29.11.—In Hom. the true form is prob. τῶ, as in cod. A, or τώ, cf. A.D.Adv.199.2.
    3 neut. acc. τό, wherefore, Il.3.176, Od.8.332, al., S.Ph. 142(lyr.) ; also τὸ δέ abs., but the fact is.., Pl.Ap. 23a, Men. 97c, Phd. 109d, Tht. 157b, R. 340d, Lg. 967a ; even when the τό refers to what precedes, the contrast may lie not in the thing referred to, but in another part of the sentence (cf. supr. VI. 6),

    τὸ δ' ἐπὶ κακουργίᾳ.. ἐπετήδευσαν Th.1.37

     ;

    τὸ δὲ.. ἡμῖν μᾶλλον περιέσται Id.2.89

     ; φασὶ δέ τινες αὐτὸν καὶ τῶν ἑπτὰ σοφῶν γεγονέναι· τὸ δὲ οὐκ ἦν but he was not, Nic.Dam.58J.
    4 τὸ μέν.., τὸ δέ.., partly.., partly.., or on the one hand.., on the other.., Th.7.36, etc., cf.Od.2.46 ; more freq. τὰ μέν.., τὰ δέ.., Hdt.1.173, S.Tr. 534, etc.; also

    τὰ μέν τι.., τὰ δέ τι.. X.An.4.1.14

     ;

    τὸ μέν τι.., τὸ δέ τι.. Luc.Macr.14

     ;

    τὰ μέν.., τὸ δὲ πλέον.. Th.1.90

     : sts. without τὸ μέν.. in the first clause,

    τὸ δέ τι Id.1.107

    ,7.48 : rarely of Time, τὰ μὲν πολλὰ.., τέλος δέ several times.. and finally, Hdt.3.85.
    5 of Time, sts. that time, sts. this (present) time, συνμαχία κ' ἔα ἑκατὸν ϝέτεα, ἄρχοι δέ κα τοΐ (where it is possible, but not necessary, to supply ϝέτος) SIG9.3 (Olympia, vi B.C.): so with Preps., ἐκ τοῦ, [dialect] Ep. τοῖο, from that time, Il.1.493,15.601.
    b πρὸ τοῦ, sts. written προτοῦ, before this, aforetime, Hdt.1.103, 122,5.55, A.Ag. 1204, Ar.Nu.5, etc.;

    ἐν τῷ πρὸ τοῦ χρόνῳ Th.1.32

    , cf. A.Eu. 462 ;

    τὸ πρὸ τοῦ D.S.20.59

    .
    6 ἐν τοῖς is freq. used in Prose with Superlatives, ἐν τοῖσι θειότατον a most marvellous thing, Hdt.7.137 ; ἐν τοῖς πρῶτοι the very first, Th.1.6, etc.; ἐν τοῖσι πρῶτος ( πρώτοις codd.) Pherecr.145.4 ; [Ζεὺς] Ἔρωτά τε καὶ Ἀνάγκην ἐν τοῖς πρῶτα ἐγέννησεν first of all, Aristid. Or.43(1).16, cf. 37(2).2: when used with fem. Nouns, ἐν τοῖς remained without change of gender, ἐν τοῖς πλεῖσται δὴ νῆες the greatest number of ships, Th.3.17; ἐν τοῖς πρώτη ἐγένετο (sc. ἡ στάσις) ib.82 : also with Advbs.,

    ἐν τοῖς μάλιστα Id.8.90

    , Pl.Cri. 52a, Plu.2.74e, 421d, 723e, Brut.6, 11,al., Paus.1.16.3, etc.;

    ἐν τοῖς χαλεπώτατα Th.7.71

     ;

    τὴν Αἴγυπτον ἐν τοῖς μάλιστα μελάγγειον οὖσαν Plu.2.364c

     : in late Prose, also with Positives,

    ἐν τοῖς παράδοξον Aristid.Or.48(24).47

     codd.; with

    πάνυ, ἐν τοῖς πάνυ D.H.1.19

    , cf. 66 ( ἐν ταῖς πάνυ f.l. 4.14,15).
    B ὁ, ἡ, τό, THE DEFINITE ARTICLE, the, to specify individuals: rare in this signf. in the earliest Gr., becoming commoner later. In Hom. the demonstr. force can generally be traced, v. supr. A. I, but the definite Art. must be recognized in places like Il.1.167,7.412, 9.309, 12.289, Od.19.372 : also when joined to an Adj. to make it a Subst.,

    αἰὲν ἀποκτείνων τὸν ὀπίστατον

     the hindmost man,

    Il.11.178

     ;

    τὸν ἄριστον 17.80

     ;

    τὸν δύστηνον 22.59

     ;

    τὸν προὔχοντα 23.325

     ; τῷ πρώτῳ.., τῷ δευτέρῳ.., etc., ib. 265sq. ; also in

    τῶν ἄλλων 2.674

    , al.: with Advs.,

    τὸ πρίν 24.543

    , al.;

    τὸ πάρος περ 17.720

     ;

    τὸ πρόσθεν 23.583

     ; also τὸ τρίτον ib. 733 ;

    τὰ πρῶτα 1.6

    ,al.; τὸ μὲν ἄλλο for the rest, 23.454 ;

    ἀνδρῶν τῶν τότε 9.559

    .—The true Art., however, is first fully established in fifth-cent. [dialect] Att., whilst the demonstr. usage disappears, exc. in a few cases, V. A. VI-VIII.—Chief usages, esp. in [dialect] Att.
    I not only with common Appellats., Adjs., and Parts., to specify them as present to sense or mind, but also freq. where we use the Possessive Pron.,

    τὸ κέαρ ηὐφράνθην Ar.Ach.5

     ; τὴν κεφαλὴν κατεάγην my head was broken, And.1.61, etc. ; τοὺς φίλους ποιούμεθα we make our friends, S.Ant. 190 ; τὰς πόλεις ἔκτιζον they began founding their cities, Th.1.12;

    οὐχ ὑπὲρ τὴν οὐσίαν ποιούμενοι τοὺς παῖδας Pl.R. 372b

    .
    b omitted with pr.nn.and freq. with Appellats. which require no specification, as θεός, βασιλεύς, v. θεός 1.1, βασιλεύς III ; ἐμ πόλει in the Acropolis, IG12.4.1, al.: but added to pr. nn., when attention is to be called to the previous mention of the person, as Th. (3.70 ) speaks first of Πειθίας and then refers to him repeatedly as ὁ Π.; cf. Θράσυλος in Id.8.104, with ὁ Θ. ib. 105 ; or when the person spoken of is to be specially distinguished, Ζεύς, ὅστις ὁ Ζεύς whoever this Zeus is, E.Fr. 480 ; and therefore properly omitted when a special designation follows, as Σωκράτης ὁ φιλόσοφος: seldom in Trag. with pr. nn., save to give pecul. emphasis, like Lat. ille, ὁ Λάϊος, ὁ Φοῖβος, S.OT 729, El.35, etc.: later, however, the usage became very common (the Homeric usage of ὁ with a pr. n. is different, v. A.I).
    c Aristotle says Σωκράτης meaning the historical Socrates, as in SE183b7, PA642a28, al., but ὁ Σωκράτης when he means the Platonic Socrates, as Pol.1261a6, al.: so with other pr.nn., EN1145a21, 1146a21, al.
    d for Σαῦλος ὁ καὶ Παῦλος, etc., v. καί B.2.
    2 in a generic sense, where the individual is treated as a type,

    οἷς ὁ γέρων μετέῃσιν.. λεύσσει Il.3.109

    ;

    πονηρὸν ὁ συκοφάντης D.18.242

    , etc.
    b freq. with abstract Nouns,

    ἥ τε ἐλπὶς καὶ ὁ ἔρως Th.3.45

    , etc.
    3 of outstanding members of a class, ὁ γεωγράφος, ὁ κωμικός, ὁ ποιητής, ὁ τεχνικός, v. γεωγράφος, κωμικός, ποιητής, τεχνικός.
    4 with infs., which thereby become Substs., τὸ εἴργειν prevention, Pl.Grg. 505b ; τὸ φρονεῖν good sense, S.Ant. 1348(anap.), etc.: when the subject is expressed it is put between the Art.and the inf., τὸ θεοὺς εἶναι the existence of gods, Pl.Phd. 62b ; τὸ μηδένα εἶναι ὄλβιον the fact or statement that no one is happy, Hdt.1.86.
    5 in neut. before any word or expression which itself is made the object of thought, τὸ ἄνθρωπος the word or notion man ; τὸ λέγω the word λέγω ; τὸ μηδὲν ἄγαν the sentiment 'ne quid nimis', E.Hipp. 265(lyr.); τὸ τῇ αὐτῇ the phrase τῇ αὐτῇ, Pl.Men. 72e : and so before whole clauses, ἡ δόξα.. περὶ τοῦ οὕστινας δεῖ ἄρχειν the opinion about the question 'who ought to rule', Id.R. 431e ; τὸ ἐὰν μένητε παρ' ἐμοί, ἀποδώσω the phrase 'I will give back, if.. ', X.Cyr. 5.1.21, cf. Pl.R. 327c, etc.;

    τοὺς τοῦ τί πρακτέον λογισμούς D.23.148

     ; τὸ ὀλίγοι the term few, Arist.Pol. 1283b11.
    6 before relat. clauses, when the Art. serves to combine the whole relat. clause into one notion, τῇ ᾗ φὴς σὺ σκληρότητι the harshness you speak of, Pl.Cra. 435a ; τὸν ἥμερον καρπόν.., καὶ τὸν ὅσος ξύλινος (i.e. καὶ τὸν καρπὸν ὅσος ἂν ᾖ ξύλινος) Id.Criti. 115b ;

    τῶν ὅσοι ἂν.. ἀγαθοὶ κριθῶσιν Id.R. 469b

     ;

    ἐκ γῆς καὶ πυρὸς μείξαντες καὶ τῶν ὅσα πυρὶ καὶ γῇ κεράννυται Id.Prt. 320d

    , cf. Hyp.Lyc.2 ;

    ταύτην τε τὴν αἰτίαν καὶ τὴν ὅθεν ἡ κίνησις Arist.Metaph. 987a8

     ;

    τὸν ὃς ἔφη Lys.23.8

     : hence the relat., by attraction, freq. follows the case of the Art., τοῖς οἵοις ἡμῖν τε καὶ ὑμῖν, i.e. τοῖς οὖσιν οἷοι ἡμεῖς καὶ ὑμεῖς, X.HG2.3.25, etc.
    7 before Prons.,
    a before the pers. Prons., giving them greater emphasis, but only in acc.,

    τὸν ἐμέ Pl.Tht. 166a

    ,Phlb. 20b ; τὸν.. σὲ καὶ ἐμέ ib. 59b ;

    τὸν αὑτόν Id.Phdr. 258a

     ; on ὁ αὐτός, v. αὐτός 111.
    b before the interrog. Pron. (both τίς and ποῖος), referring to something before, which needs to be more distinctly specified, A.Pr. 251, Ar. Pax 696 ; also τὰ τί; because οἷα went before, ib. 693. Of τίς only the neut. is thus used (v.supr.): ποῖος is thus used not only in neut. pl., τὰ ποῖα; E.Ph. 707 ; but also in the other genders, ὁ ποῖος; ib. 1704 ; τῆς ποίας μερίδος; D.18.64 ; τοῖς ποίοις.. ; Arist.Ph. 227b1.
    c with τοιοῦτος, τοιόσδε, τηλικοῦτος, etc., the Art. either makes the Pron. into a Subst.,

    ὁ τοιοῦτος

     that sort of person,

    X.Mem.4.2.21

    , etc.; or subjoins it to a Subst. which already has an Art.,

    τὴν ἀπολογίαν τὴν τοιαύτην D.41.13

    .
    8 before ἅπας, Pi.N.1.69, Hdt.3.64, 7.153 (s.v.l.), S.OC 1224 (lyr.), D.18.231, etc.; also τὸν ἕνα, τὸν ἕνα τοῦτον, Arist.Pol. 1287b8, 1288a19 : on its usage with ἕκαστος, v. sub voc.; and on οἱ ἄλλοι, οἱ πολλοί, etc., v. ἄλλος 11.6,

    πολύς 11.3

    , etc.
    9 the Art. with the [comp] Comp. is rare, if ἤ follows, S.Ant. 313, OC 796.
    II elliptic expressions:
    1 before the gen. of a pr.<*>., to express descent, son or daughter, Θουκυδίδης ὁ Ὀλόρου (sc. υἱός) Th.4.104 ; Ἑλένη ἡ τοῦ Διός (sc. θυγάτηρ) E.Hel. 470 : also to denote other relationships, e.g. brother, Lys.32.24, Alciphr.2.2.10 ; ἡ Σμικυθίωνος Μελιστίχη M. the wife of S., Ar.Ec.46 ; Κλέαρχος καὶ οἱ ἐκείνου Cl. and his men, X.An.1.2.15 ; ὁ τοῦ Ἀντιγένεος the slave of A., Hp.Hum.20.
    2 generally, before a gen. it indicates a wider relation, as τὸ τῶν νεῶν, τὸ τῶν Ἑρμῶν, the matter of the ships, the affair of the Hermae, Th.4.23,6.60 ; τὰ τοῦ Ἀρριβαίου πράσσειν to promote the interests of Arrhibaeus, Id.4.83, cf. 6.89, etc.; τὸ τῆς τύχης,=ἡ τύχη, Id.4.18 ; τὰ τῆς τύχης accidents, chance events, ib.55 ; τὰ γὰρ φθιτῶν τοῖς ὁρῶσι κόσμος performance of the rites due to the dead befits the living, E.Supp.78(lyr.); τὰ τῶν θεῶν that which is destined by the gods, S.Tr. 498(lyr.): hence with neut. of Possessive Pron., τὸ ἐμόν, τὸ σόν, what regards me or thee, my or thy business or interests, S.Aj. 124, El. 251, etc.: and with gen. of 3 pers.,

    τὸ τῆσδε E.Hipp.48

    . But τό τινος is freq. also, a man's word or saying, as

    τὸ τοῦ Σόλωνος Hdt.1.86

     ; τὸ τοῦ Ὁμήρου as Homer says, Pl.Tht. 183e ; also τά τινος so-and-so's house, Ar.V. 1432, D.54.7, Theoc.2.76, Herod.5.52, Ev.Luc.2.49.
    3 very freq. with cases governed by Preps.. αἱ ἐκ τῆς Ζακύνθου νῆες the ships from Zacynthus, Th.4.13 ; οἱ ἀμφί τινα, οἱ περί τινα, such an one and his followers, v. ἀμφί c.1.3, περί c.1.2 ; also τὰ ἐπὶ Θρᾴκης the Thrace-ward district, Th.1.59, al.; τὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ καταστρώματος matters on deck, Id.7.70 ; τὰ ἀπ' Ἀλκιβιάδου the proposals of Alcibiades, Id.8.48 ; τὰ ἀπὸ τῆς τύχης the incidents of fortune, Id.2.87, etc.
    4 on μὰ τόν, μὰ τήν, etc., v. μά IV.
    5 in elliptical phrases, ἐπορευόμην τὴν ἔξω τείχους (sc. ὁδόν) Pl.Ly. 203a ; ἡ ἐπὶ θανάτῳ (sc. στολή, δέσις), v. θάνατος; κατὰ τὴν ἐμήν (sc. γνώμην), v. ἐμός 11.4 ; ἡ αὔριον (sc. ἡμέρα), v. αὔριον; ἡ Λυδιστί (sc. ἁρμονία) Arist.Pol. 1342b32, etc.: freq. with Advs., which thus take an adj. sense, as ὁ, ἡ, τὸ νῦν;

    ὁ οἴκαδε πλοῦς Th.1.52

     ; οἱ τότε, οἱ ἔπειτα (sc. ἄνθρωποι), ib.9,10, etc. ; but τό stands abs. with Advs. of time and place, when one cannot (as in the preceding instances) supply a Subst., as

    κἀκεῖσε καὶ τὸ δεῦρο E.Ph. 266

    , cf.[315] (lyr.);

    ὁ μὲν τὸ κεῖθεν, ὁ δὲ τὸ κεῖθεν Id.Or. 1412

    (lyr.): rarely abs. in gen., ἰέναι τοῦ πρόσω to go forward, X.An.1.3.1 ;

    τοῦ προσωτάτω δραμεῖν S.Aj. 731

    .
    C as RELATIVE PRONOUN in many dialects ; both in nom. sg. masc. ὅ, as

    κλῦθί μοι, ὃ χθιζὸς θεὸς ἤλυθες Od.2.262

    , cf. 1.300, al. ;

    Ἔρως, ὃ κατ' ὀμμάτων στάζεις πόθον E.Hipp. 526

    (lyr.);

    Ἄδωνις, ὃ κἠν Ἀχέροντι φιλεῖται Theoc.15.86

     ; ὃ ἐξορύξη he who banishes him, Schwyzer679.12,25 ([place name] Cyprus) ; and in the forms beginning with τ, esp. in Hom. (Od.4.160, al.), Hdt.1.7, al.: also in [dialect] Ion. Poets,

    ἐν τῷ κάθημαι Archil.87.3

    , cf. Semon.7.3, Anacr.86 (prob.), Herod.2.64, al.: freq. in Trag.,

    τῆς S.OC 1258

    , Tr. 381, 728, E.Alc. 883 (anap.);

    τῷ S.Ph.14

     ;

    τήν Id.OC 747

    , Tr.47, El. 1144 ; τό Id.OT 1427 ; τῶν ib. 1379, Ant. 1086.—Never in Com. or [dialect] Att. Prose:—[dialect] Ep. gen. sg.

    τεῦ Il.18.192

    (s.v.l.).
    D CRASIS OF ARTICLE:
    a [dialect] Att. ὁ, ἡ, τό, with [pron. full] ᾰ make ᾱ, as ἁνήρ, ἁλήθεια, τἀγαθόν, τᾄτιον; so οἱ, αἱ, τά, as ἅνδρες, τἀγαθά; also τοῦ, τῷ, as τἀγαθοῦ, τἀγαθῷ: ὁ, τό, οἱ, before e gives ου, οὑξ, οὑπί, οὑμός, τοὔργον, οὑπιχώριοι, etc.; also τοῦ, as τοὐμοῦ, τοὐπιόντος; but ἅτερος, θάτερον ([pron. full] ¯ ?ὁX?ὁX), [dialect] Ion. οὕτερος, τοὔτερον (v. ἕτερος), [dialect] Att. fem. ἡτέρα, dat. θητέρᾳ (v. ἕτερος); τῷ loses the iota, τὠμῷ, τὠπιόντι: ὁ, τό, before ο gives ου, as Οὁδυσσεύς, Οὑλύμπιος, τοὔνομα: ὁ, τό, etc., before αυ gives ᾱυ, αὑτός, ταὐτό, ταὐτῷ (freq. written ἁτός, etc. in Inscrr. and Pap.); so τὰ αὐτά=ταὐτά, αἱ αὐταί= αὑταί: ἡ before εὐ gives ηὑ, as ηὑλάβεια: τῇ before ἡ gives θη, as θἠμέρᾳ: τὸ before ὑ gives θου, as θοὔδωρ for τὸ ὕδωρ.
    b other dialects: in their treatment of crasis these follow the local laws of contraction, hence, e.g., [dialect] Dor. ὡξ from

    ὁ ἐξ Theoc.1.65

    , ὥλαφος from ὁ ἔλαφος ib. 135 ; [dialect] Ion. ᾡσυμνήτης from ὁ αἰς- SIG57.45 (Milet., v B.C.) ; ὡυτή from

    ἡ αὐτή Heraclit.60

    , etc.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὁ

  • 10 οὐρανός

    οὐρανός, οῦ, ὁ 24:31 (Hom.+; ‘heaven’ in various senses)
    ① the portion or portions of the universe gener. distinguished from planet earth, heaven (so mostly in the sing.; s. B-D-F §141, 1)
    ⓐ mentioned w. the earth
    α. forming a unity w. it as the totality of creation (Pla., Euthyd. 296d οὐρανὸς καὶ γῆ; Gen 1:1; 14:19, 22; Tob 7:17 BA; Jdth 9:12; Bel 5; 1 Macc 2:37 al.; PsSol 8:7; ParJer 5:32; Just., D. 74, 1; PGM 13, 784 ὁ βασιλεύων τῶν οὐρανῶν κ. τῆς γῆς κ. πάντων τῶν ἐν αὐτοῖς ἐνδιατριβόντων; Orig., C. Cels. 6, 59, 6; Theoph. Ant. 1, 4 [p. 64, 13]) ὁ οὐρανὸς καὶ ἡ γῆ Mt 5:18; 11:25; 24:35; Mk 13:31; Lk 10:21; 16:17; 21:33; Ac 4:24; 14:15; 17:24 (on the absence of the art. s. B-D-F §253, 3); Rv 14:7; 20:11; Dg 3:4; AcPlCor 2:9; 19.
    β. standing independently beside the earth or contrasted w. it: Mt 5:34f; Ac 7:49 (cp. on both Is 66:1). ἐν (τῷ) οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐπὶ (τῆς) γῆς Mt 6:10; 28:18; Lk 11:2 v.l.; Rv 5:13.—1 Cor 8:5; Rv 5:3; ISm 11:2. τὸ πρόσωπον τ. γῆς καὶ τ. οὐρανοῦ Lk 12:56. Cp. Hb 12:26 (Hg 2:6); Js 5:12.—τὰ ἔσχατα τ. γῆς as extreme contrast to heaven 1 Cl 28:3. By God’s creative word the heaven was fixed and the earth founded on the waters Hv 1, 3, 4. Neither heaven nor earth can be comprehended by human measure 16:2 (Is 40:12). On ἀπʼ ἄκρου γῆς ἕως ἄκρου οὐρανοῦ Mk 13:27 s. under ἄκρον. ὁ πρῶτος οὐρ. καὶ ἡ πρώτη γῆ will give way in the last times to the οὐρ. καινός and the γῆ καινή Rv 21:1 (cp. Is 65:17; 66:22).
    ⓑ as firmament or sky over the earth; out of reach for humans Hm 11:18. Hence ἕως οὐρανοῦ (ApcEsdr 4:32) Mt 11:23; Lk 10:15 or εἰς τὸν οὐρ. Hv 4, 1, 5 as an expr. denoting a great height. Likew. ἀπὸ τ. γῆς ἕως τ. οὐρανοῦ 1 Cl 8:3 (scripture quot. of unknown origin); GPt 10:40 (for a transcendent being who walks on the earth and whose head touches the sky, s. Il. 4, 443). Since the heaven extends over the whole earth, ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρ. under (the) heaven = on earth, throughout the earth (Pla., Tim. 23c, Ep. 7, 326c; UPZ 106, 14 [99 B.C.]; Eccl 1:13; 3:1; Just., A II, 5, 2) Ac 2:5; 4:12; Col 1:23; Hs 9, 17, 4; m 12, 4, 2. ὑποκάτωθεν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ throughout the earth 1 Cl 53:3 (Dt 9:14). ἐκ τῆς (i.e. χώρας) ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρ. εἰς τὴν ὑπʼ οὐρανόν from one place on earth to another Lk 17:24 (cp. Dt 29:19; Bar 5:3; 2 Macc 2:18 ἐκ τῆς ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρ. εἰς τὸν ἅγιον τόπον).—In the last days there will appear τέρατα ἐν τ. οὐρανῷ ἄνω wonders in the heaven above Ac 2:19 (Jo 3:3 v.l.). σημεῖον ἐν τῷ οὐρ. Rv 12:1, 3 (cp. Diod S 2, 30, 1 τὰ ἐν οὐρανῷ γινόμενα=what takes place in the heavens; Ael. Aristid. 50, 56 K.=26 p. 519 D., where the statue of Asclepius from Pergamum appears ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ). The sky can even be rolled up; s. ἑλίσσω.—Rain falls fr. heaven (X., An. 4, 2, 2) and heaven is closed to bring about a drought Lk 4:25.—Rv 11:6; Js 5:18 (cp. 2 Ch 6:26; 7:13; Sir 48:3). Lightning also comes fr. heaven (Bacchylides 17, 55f ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ … ἀστραπάν [=Attic-ήν]) Lk 10:18. Likew. of other things that come down like rain to punish sinners: fire Lk 9:54 (cp. 4 Km 1:10; TestAbr A 10 p. 88, 14 [Stone p. 24]); Rv 20:9; fire and brimstone Lk 17:29 (cp. Gen 19:24); apocalyptic hail Rv 16:21; AcPl Ha 5, 7.
    ⓒ as starry heaven IEph 19:2. τὰ ἄστρα τοῦ οὐρ. (cp. ἄστρον and s. Eur., Phoen. 1; Diod S 6, 2, 2 ἥλιον κ. σελήνην κ. τὰ ἄλλα ἄστρα τὰ κατʼ οὐρανόν; Ael. Aristid. 43, 13 K.=1 p. 5 D.; TestAbr A 1 p. 78, 1 [Stone p. 4]; JosAs 2:11) Hb 11:12. οἱ ἀστέρες τοῦ οὐρ. 1 Cl 32:2 (Gen 22:17); cp. 10:6 (Gen 15:5). In the time of tribulation at the end of the world the stars will fall fr. heaven Mt 24:29a; Mk 13:25a; Rv 6:13; 12:4. Cp. 8:10; 9:1. ἡ στρατιὰ τοῦ οὐρ. (s. οὐράνιος) the host of heaven, of the stars, which some Israelites illicitly worshipped Ac 7:42 (worship of the στρατιὰ τοῦ οὐρ. in enmity to Yahweh also Jer 7:18; 19:13; Zeph 1:5; 2 Ch 33:3, 5). These are also meant by the δυνάμεις τῶν οὐρανῶν Mt 24:29b; Lk 21:26; cp. Mk 13:25b (cp. δύναμις 4).
    ⓓ as place of atmosphere (cp. TestAbr A 9 p. 87, 15 [Stone p. 22] εἰς τὴν αἰθέρα τοῦ οὐρανοῦ); clouds hover in it, the νεφέλαι τοῦ οὐρ. (s. νεφέλη) Mt 24:30b; 26:64; Mk 14:62; D 16:8. Likew. the birds, τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ (Gen 1:26; Ps 8:9; Jdth 11:7; ParJer 7:3; cp. Bar 3:17) Mt 6:26; 8:20; 13:32; Mk 4:32; Lk 8:5; 9:58; Ac 10:12; 11:6; 6:12 (Gen 1:26), 18; Hs 9, 24, 1; GJs 3:2 codd.; 18:2 codd.—πυρράζει ὁ οὐρανός Mt 16:2, 3.—In connection w. τὸν σατανᾶν ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ πεσόντα Lk 10:18 the atmosphere may well be thought of as an abode of evil spirits. On Satan as the ἄρχων τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ ἀέρος, s. ἀήρ. Cp. also the λεγόμενοι θεοὶ εἴτε ἐν οὐρ. εἴτε ἐπὶ γῆς 1 Cor 8:5. In any case Rv 12:7f speaks of the dragon and his angels as being in heaven.
    ⓔ The concept of more than one heaven (the idea is Semitic; but s. FTorm, ZNW 33, ’34, 48–50, who refers to Anaximander and Aristot. Also Ps.-Apollod. 1, 6, 1, 2 ms. and Achilles Tat. 2, 36, 4 and 37, 2 ms. have οὐρανοί; Himerius, Or. 66 [=Or. 20], 4 οὐρανοί as the abode of the gods; also Hesychius Miles. [VI A.D.] c. 66 JFlach of the ‘godless heathen’ Tribonian.—Schlatter, Mt2 p. 58 on 3:2: ‘The pl. οὐρανοί is found neither in Philo nor Joseph.’ Cp. PKatz, Philo’s Bible ’50, 141–46; Mussies 84) is also found in our lit. (s. 1aα; Theoph. Ant. 1, 4 [p. 64, 15]), but it is not always possible to decide with certainty just where the idea is really alive and where it simply survives in a formula (in J’s Gospel the pl. is entirely absent; Rv has it only 12:12 [fr. LXX]. Eph always has the pl. In others the sing. and pl. are interchanged for no apparent reason [cp. Hb 9:23 w. 24 or Hv 1, 1, 4 w. 1, 2, 1; also GPt 10:40f; Ps. 113:11 lines 1 and 2; TestAbr, TestJob, Just., Tat.]): the third heaven (cp. Ps.-Lucian, Philopatris 12 ἐς τρίτον οὐρανὸν ἀεροβατήσας [s. on ἀνακαινίζω and πνεῦμα 8]; PSI 29, 2ff [IV A.D.?] ἐπικαλοῦμαί σε τὸν καθήμενον ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ οὐρανῷ … ἐν τῷ β´ οὐρ. … ἐν τῷ γ´ οὐρ.; Simplicius, In Epict. p. 100, 13 Düb. ὀκτὼ οὐρανοί; TestLevi 3:3; GrBar 11:1 εἰς πέμπτον οὐ. Combination of the third heaven and paradise, GrBar 10:1ff; ApcMos 37. S. τρίτος 1a) 2 Cor 12:2 (s. JohJeremias, Der Gottesberg 1919, 41ff; Ltzm., Hdb.4 ’49, exc. on 2 Cor 12:3f [lit.]). ὑπεράνω πάντων τῶν οὐρανῶν Eph 4:10. τ. πάντα ἐν τ. οὐρανοῖς κ. ἐπὶ τ. γῆς Col 1:16; cp. vs. 20. ἔργα τ. χειρῶν σού εἰσιν οἱ οὐρ. Hb 1:10 (Ps 101:26).—4:14; 7:26; 2 Pt 3:5, 7, 10, 12f (of the heavens, their destruction in the final conflagration, and their replacement by the καινοὶ οὐρ.); 1 Cl 20:1; 33:3. τακήσονταί τινες τῶν οὐρανῶν 2 Cl 16:3.—S. also Lampe s.v. 2.—From the concept of various celestial levels a transition is readily made to
    ② transcendent abode, heaven (the pl. is preferred for this mng.: B-D-F §141, 1; Rob. 408)
    ⓐ as the dwelling-place (or throne) of God (Sappho, Fgm. 56 D.2 [=Campbell 54] of Eros; Solon 1, 22 D.3 of Zeus; Hom. Hymn to Aphrodite 291 [all three οὐρ. in the sing. as the seat of the gods]; Pla., Phdr. 246e ὁ μέγας ἐν οὐρανῷ Ζεύς; Ps.-Aristot., De Mundo 2, 2; 3, 4 ὁ οὐρ. as οἰκητήριον θεοῦ or θεῶν; Dio Chrys. 19[36], 22 θεῶν μακάρων κατʼ οὐρανόν; Artem. 2, 68 p. 159, 13 ὁ οὐρανὸς θεῶν ἐστὶν οἶκος; Ael. Aristid. 43, 14 K.=1 p. 5 D.; Maximus Tyr. 11, 11b; ins from Saïtaï in Lydia [δύναμις 5]; IAndrosIsis, Cyrene 8 p. 129.—On the OT: GWestphal, Jahwes Wohnstätten 1908, 214–73) Mt 23:22; Ac 7:55f; Hb 8:1; 16:2b (Is 66:1); Dg 10:7. ὁ θεὸς ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρ. Hv 1, 1, 6 (cp. Tob 5:17 S). ὁ θεὸς τοῦ οὐρ. (Gen 24:3) Rv 11:13; 16:11. ὁ κύριος ἐν οὐρανοῖς Eph 6:9; cp. Col 4:1. ὁ πατὴρ ὑμῶν (μου, ἡμῶν) ὁ ἐν (τοῖς) οὐρ. (silver tablet fr. Amisos: ARW 12, 1909, 25 ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ μέγας ὁ ἐν οὐρανῷ καθήμενος) Mt 5:16, 45; 6:1, 9; 7:11, 21b; 10:33; 12:50; 16:17; 18:10b, 14, 19; Mk 11:25f; Lk 11:2 v.l.; D 8:2 (here the sing. ὁ ἐν τῷ οὐρ. Cp. PGM 12, 261 τῷ ἐν οὐρανῷ θεῷ). ὁ πατὴρ ὁ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ the Father who (gives) from heaven Lk 11:13 (Jos., Ant. 9, 73 ἐκχέαι τὸν θεὸν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ). God dwells in τὰ ὕψη τῶν οὐρ. 1 Cl 36:2. Therefore the one who prays looks up toward heaven: ἀναβλέπειν εἰς τὸν οὐρ. (s. ἀναβλέπω 1) Mt 14:19; Mk 6:41; 7:34; Lk 9:16; MPol 9:2; 14:1. ἀτενίσας εἰς τὸν οὐρ. εἶδεν δόξαν θεοῦ Ac 7:55; ἐπάρας τ. ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν οὐρ. J 17:1.—The Spirit of God comes fr. (the open) heaven Mt 3:16; Mk 1:10; Lk 3:21; J 1:32; Ac 2:2(–4); 1 Pt 1:12; AcPlCor 2:5. The voice of God resounds fr. it (Maximus Tyr. 35, 7b Διὸς ἐξ οὐρανοῦ μέγα βοῶντος, the words follow) Mt 3:17; Mk 1:11; Lk 3:22; J 12:28; Ac 11:9; MPol 9:1 (cp. Just., D. 88, 8), and it is gener. the place where divine pronouncements originate Ac 11:5 and their end vs. 10. The ὀργὴ θεοῦ reveals itself fr. heaven Ro 1:18 (s. Jos., Bell. 1, 630 τὸν ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ δικαστήν). Also, a σημεῖον ἐκ (ἀπὸ) τοῦ οὐρ. is a sign given by God Mt 16:1; Mk 8:11; Lk 11:16; cp. 21:11.—Lampe s.v. 4.
    ⓑ Christ is ἐξ οὐρανοῦ from heaven, of a heavenly nature 1 Cor 15:47 (s. ἄνθρωπος 1d. On this HKennedy, St. Paul and the Conception of the ‘Heavenly Man’: Exp. 8th ser., 7, 1913, 97–110; EGraham, CQR 113, ’32, 226) and has come down from heaven J 3:13b, 31; 6:38, 42, 50 (Ar. 15, 1 ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ καταβάς; Mel., P. 66, 467 ἀφικόμενος ἐξ οὐρανῶν), as ὁ ἄρτος ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ (s. ἄρτος 2). Cp. Ro 10:6. He returned to heaven (τὴν ἔνσαρκον εἰς τοὺς οὐρανοὺ ἀνάληψιν Iren. 1, 10, 1 [Harv. I 91, 2]; on the ascension s. CHönn, Studien zur Geschichte der Hf. im klass. Altertum: Progr. Mannheim 1910; EPfister, Der Reliquienkult im Altertum II 1912, 480ff; HDiels, Himmels u. Höllenfahrten v. Homer bis Dante: NJklA 49, 1922, 239–53; RHolland, Zur Typik der Himmelfahrt: ARW 23, 1925, 207–20; JKroll, Gott u. Hölle ’32, 533 [ind.: Ascensus]; WMichaelis, Zur Überl. der Hf.s-geschichte: ThBl 4, 1925, 101–9; AFridrichsen, D. Hf. bei Lk: ibid. 6, 1927, 337–41; GBertram, Die Hf. Jesu vom Kreuz: Deissmann Festschr. 1927, 187–217 [UHolzmeister, ZKT 55, ’31, 44–82]; HSchlier, Christus u. d. Kirche im Eph 1930, 1ff; VLarrañaga, L’Ascension de Notre-Seigneur dans le NT ’38 [fr. Spanish]. S. also at ἀνάστασις 2 end, and διά A 2a) to live there in glory: Mk 16:19; Lk 24:51; Ac 1:10f (AZwiep, The Ascension of the Messiah in Lukan Christology ’97); 2:34; 7:55f; 9:3; 22:6; 1 Pt 3:22; 15:9. Christians await his return fr. heaven: Ac 1:11; Phil 3:20; 1 Th 1:10; 4:16; 2 Th 1:7 (Just., A I, 51, 8 al.).—When Messianic woes have come to an end, τότε φανήσεται τὸ σημεῖον τοῦ υἱοῦ τ. ἀνθρώπου ἐν οὐρανῷ then the sign of the Human One (who is) in heaven will appear; acc. to the context, the sign consists in this, that he appears visibly in heavenly glory Mt 24:30.—Lampe s.v. 10b.
    ⓒ as the abode of angels (Gen 21:17; 22:11; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 8, 12; TestAbr A 4 p. 80, 34 [Stone p. 8]; ParJer 3:2; ApcMos 38; Just., D. 57, 2) Mt 18:10a; 22:30; 24:36; 28:2; Mk 12:25; 13:32; Lk 2:15; 22:43; J 1:51; Gal 1:8; Rv 10:1; 18:1; 19:14; 20:1. Cp. Eph 3:15.—Lampe s.v. 7.
    ⓓ Christians who have died also dwell in heaven (cp. Dio Chrys. 23 [40], 35 οὐρανοῦ καὶ τῶν ἐν αὐτῷ θείων κ. μακαρίων αἰώνιον τάξιν; Libanius, Or. 21 p. 459, 9 F. πόρρω τοῦ τὸν οὐρανὸν οἰκοῦντος χοροῦ; Oenomaus in Eus., PE 5, 33, 5; 12; Artem. 2, 68 p. 160, 25 τὰς ψυχὰς ἀπαλλαγείσας τῶν σωμάτων εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀνιέναι τάχει χρωμένας ὑπερβάλλοντι; Himerius, Or. 8 [=23], 23: the daemon of the dead holds the σῶμα of the dead person, τὴν ψυχὴν ὁ οὐρανός; Quintus Smyrn. 7, 88; TestAbr A 20 p. 103, 26 [Stone p. 54]; TestJob 39:13; ApcEsdr 7:3). Their life, τὸ ἀληθῶς ἐν οὐρανῷ ζῆν, stands in strong contrast to the ὄντως θάνατος, that leads to the everlasting fire Dg 10:7b. Rhoda, who greets Hermas from heaven Hv 1, 1, 4, need not have died (s. MDibelius, Hdb. ad loc.), and still she shows us that heaven is open to the devout. Furthermore, the true citizenship of Christians is in heaven (Tat. 16, 1 τὴν ἐν οὐρανοῖς πορείαν; s. πολίτευμα) Phil 3:20; cp. Dg 5:9. Their names are enrolled in heaven (s. βίβλος 2) Lk 10:20; Hb 12:23. In heaven there await them their glorified body 2 Cor 5:1f, their reward Mt 5:12; Lk 6:23, their treasure Mt 6:20; Lk 12:33, the things they hoped for Col 1:5, their inheritance 1 Pt 1:4. It is a place of peace Lk 19:38.—ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ the New Jerusalem (s. Ἱεροσόλυμα 2) will come down to earth Rv 3:12; 21:2, 10.
    ⓔ The concept of a heaven in which God, attendant spirits of God, and the righteous dead abide, makes it easy to understand the taking over of certain OT expressions in which heaven is personified εὐφραίνεσθε οἱ οὐρανοί (cp. Is 44:23; 49:13; Mel., P. 98, 747) Rv 12:12; cp. 18:20; 9:3 (Is 1:2); 11:2 (Jer 2:12); 1 Cl 27:7 (Ps 18:2).
    ③ an indirect reference to God, God fig. ext. of 2 (s. βασιλεία 1b.—A common Hebrew practice, but not unknown among polytheists: Philippides Com. [IV/III B.C.] 27 νὴ τὸν οὐρανόν. Acc. to Clem. Al., Protr. 5, 66, 4 Θεόφραστος πῇ μὲν οὐρανὸν, πῇ δὲ πνεῦμα τὸν θεὸν ὑπονοεῖ=Theophrastus at one time thinks of God as heaven and at another time as spirit; Appian, Hann. 56 §233 σημεῖα ἐκ Διός [ln. 14 Viereck-R.]=ἐξ οὐρανοῦ [ln. 16]; JosAs 19:2; SEG XXVIII, 1251, 3 [III/IV A.D.; s. New Docs 3, 49f]). ἁμαρτάνειν εἰς τὸν οὐρ. sin against God Lk 15:18, 21. ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ἢ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων Mt 21:25; Mk 11:30f; Lk 20:4f. βασιλεία τῶν οὐρ. (GrBar 11:2) in Mt=βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ 3:2; 4:17; 5:3, 10, 19f; 7:21; 8:11; 10:7; 11:11f; 13:11, 24, 31, 33, 44f, 47, 52; 16:19; 18:1, 3f, 23; 19:12, 14, 23; 20:1; 22:2; 23:13; 25:1: J 3:5 v.l.; AcPl Ha 8, 31 (restored)=BMM verso 3.—B. 53; 1484. DELG. M-M. DLNT 439–43. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > οὐρανός

  • 11 अगस्ति _agasti

    अगस्ति [विन्ध्याख्यं अगं अस्यति; अस्-क्तिच् शकन्ध्वादि˚, Uṇ.4. 179, or अगं विन्ध्याचलं स्त्यायति +स्तभ्नाति, स्त्यै-क; or अगः कुम्भः तत्र स्त्यानः संहतः इत्यगस्त्यः]
    1 'Pitcher-born,' N. of a celebrated Ṛiṣi or sage.
    -2 N. of the star Canopus, of which Agastya is the regent.
    -3 N. of a plant (बकवृक्ष) Sesbana (or Ӕschynomene) Grandiflora [Mar. रुईमंदार]. [The sage Agastya is a very reputed personage in Hindu mythology. In the Ṛigveda he and Vasiṣṭha are said to be the off-springs of Mitra and Varuṇa, whose seed fell from them at the sight of the lovely nymph Urvaśī at a sacrificial session. Part of the seed fell into a jar and part into water; from the former arose Agastya, who is, therefore, called Kumbhayoni, Kumbhajanman, Ghaṭodbhava, Kalaśayoni &c; from the latter Vasiṣṭha. From his parentage Agastya is also called Maitrāvaruṇi, Aurvaśeya, and, as he was very small when he was born, he is also called Mānya. He is represented to have humbled the Vindhya mountains by making them prostrate themselves before him when they tried to rise higher and higher till they wellnigh occupied the sun's disc and obstructed his path. See Vindhya. (This fable is supposed by some, to typify the progress of the Āryas towards the south in their conquest and civilization of India, the humbling of the mountain standing meta- phorically for the removal of physical obstacles in their way). He is also known by the names of Pītābdhi, Samudra-chuluka &c.; from another fable according to which he drank up the ocean because it had offended him and because he wished to help Indra and the gods in their wars with a class of demons called Kāleyas who had hid themselves in the waters and oppressed the three worlds in various ways. His wife was Lopāmudrā. She was also called Kauṣītakī and Varapradā. She bore him two sons, Dṛḍhāsya and Dṛḍhāsyu. In the Rāmāyaṇa Agastya plays a distinguished part. He dwelt in a hermitage on mount Kunjara to the south of the Vindhya and was chief of the hermits of the south. He kept under control the evil spirits who infested the south and a legend relates how he once ate up a Rākṣasa named Vātāpi, who had assumed the form of a ram, and destroyed by a flash of his eye the Rākṣasa's brother who attempted to avenge him. In the course of his wandering Rāma with his wife and brother came to the hermitge of Agastya who received him with the greatest kindness and became his friend, adviser and protector. He gave Rāma the bow of Viṣṇu and accompanied him to Ayodhyā when he was restored to his kingdom after his exile of 14 years. The superhuman power which the sage possessed, is also represented by another legend, according to which he turned king Nahuṣa into a serpent and afterwards restored him to his proper form. In the south he is usually regarded as the first teacher of science and literature to the primitive Dravidian tribes, and his era is placed by Dr. Caldwell in the 7th or 6th century B.C. The Purāṇas represent Agastya as the son of Pulastya (the sage from whom the Rākṣsas sprang) and Havirbhuvā the daughter of Kardama. Several 'hymn-seers' are mentioned in his family, such as his two sons, Indra- bāhu, Mayobhuva and Mahendra, also others who served to perpetuate the family. The sage is represented as a great philosopher, benevolent and kind-hearted, unsurpassed in the science of archery and to have taken a principal part in the colonization of the south; निर्जितासि मया भद्रे शत्रुहस्तादमर्षिणा । अगस्त्येन दुराधर्षा मुनिना दक्षिणेव .दिक् ॥ Rām; अगस्त्याचरितामाशाम् R.4.44; cf. also; अगस्त्यो दक्षिणामाशामाश्रित्य नभसिः स्थितः । वरुणस्यात्मजो योगी विन्ध्यवातापिमर्दनः ॥ and R.6.61; Mv.7.14.] अगस्तितुल्या हि घृताब्धिशोषणे । Udbhaṭa.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > अगस्ति _agasti

  • 12 ÓÐINN

    (dat. Óðni), m. Odin.
    * * *
    m., dat. Óðni; [A. S. Wodan; O. H. G. Wodan, in the Old High German song Phol ende Wodan vuoron zi holza; in the Norse the w is dropped, whence Odinn]:—Odin, Wodan, the name of the founder of the ancient Northern and Teutonic religion, who was afterwards worshipped as the supreme god, the fountain-head of wisdom, the founder of culture, writing, and poetry, the progenitor of kings, the lord of battle and victory; so that his name and that of Allföðr (Allfather, the father of gods and men) were blended together. For Odin as an historical person see esp. Yngl. S., the first chapters of which were originally written by Ari the historian, who himself traced his pedigree back to Odin. For the various tales of Odin as a deity see the Edda and the old poems; for the legends explaining how Odin came by his wisdom, how he was inspired, how he pawned his eye in the well of Mimir, see Vsp. 22; how he hung in the world-tree Yggdrasil, Hm. 139 sqq.; and the most popular account, how he carried away the poetical mead from the giant Suptung, etc., see Hm. 104–110. and Edda 47–49; for his travelling in disguise in search of wisdom among giants and Norns, Vþm., Gm., Vsp. For Odin’s many names and attributes see Edda (Gl.) The greatest families, the Ynglings in Sweden, Skjöldungs in Denmark, and the Háleygir in Norway, traced their pedigrees back to Odin, see the poems Ýt., Ht., Langfeðgatal. In translations from the Latin, Odin was, strangely enough, taken to represent Mercury; thus, kölluðu þeir Pál Óðin, en Barnabas Þór, they called Paul Odin, but Barnabas they called Thor, is an ancient rendering of Acts xiv. 12, cp. Clem., Bret., and passim. This seems to have originated with the Romans themselves; for Tacitus says, ‘deorum maxime Mercurium colunt,’ by which he can only mean Wodan; the Romans may have heard the German tales of Wodan’s wonderful travels, his many assumed names and disguises, his changes of shape, his eloquence, his magical power,—tales such as abound in the Edda,—and these might make the Romans think of the Greek legends of Hermes: accordingly, when the planetary week days were adopted from the Lat., ‘dies Mercurii’ was rendered into A. S. by Wodansdäg, in Engl. Wednesday, in Dan. Onsdag, in Norse Óðins-dagr, Orkn. 386, Fms. ix. 282: Óðins-nótt, f. Wednesday night, N. G. L. i. 17. Óðins-hani, a, m. a bird, tringa hyperborea, or the phalaropus cinereus, or the red phalarope, see Fjölnir viii, Faber, Edda (Gl.)
    II. Northern local names, Óðins-vé, n. the sanctuary of Odin = Odense in Fünen in Denmark, Knytl. S.: Óðins-salr, m. in Norway. Munch’s Norg. Beskr. 79: Óðins-lundr, m. Odin’s grove. In a single instance Athens is rendered by Óðins-borg, and the Athenians by Óðins-borgar-menn, Post. 645. 90; the name can only have been formed from the Greek name pronounced with the th sound, perhaps by the Northmen at Constantinople, who may have associated the name, thus sounded, with Odin’s supposed travels from the east to Sweden, and his halts at various places, which were afterwards called after him, as recorded in Yngl. S. As a pr. name, Othen villicus, Dipl. Arna-Magn. (Thorkelin) i. 23; Oden Throndsson, D. N. iv. 756, 764; Ódin-dís, f., Baut., but very rare. It is noteworthy that the name of Odin is, in the old poets, hardly ever used as appellative in poët. circumlocutions of a ‘man;’ málm-Óðinn is a απ. λεγ. = warrior.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ÓÐINN

  • 13 υἱός

    υἱός, οῦ, ὁ (Hom.+; loanw. in rabb.) prim. ‘son’
    ① a male who is in a kinship relationship either biologically or by legal action, son, offspring, descendant
    ⓐ the direct male issue of a person, son τέξεται υἱόν Mt 1:21; GJs 14:2 (cp. Mel., P. 8, 53 ὡς γὰρ υἱὸς τεχθείς). Cp. Mt 1:23 (Is 7:14) and 25; 10:37 (w. θυγάτηρ); Mk 12:6a; Lk 1:13, 31, 57; 11:11; 15:11 (on this JEngel, Die Parabel v. Verlorenen Sohn: ThGl 18, 1926, 54–64; MFrost, The Prodigal Son: Exp. 9th ser., 2, 1924, 56–60; EBuonaiuti, Religio 11, ’35, 398–402); Ac 7:29; Ro 9:9 (cp. Gen 18:10); Gal 4:22 al. W. gen. Mt 7:9; 20:20f; 21:37ab; Mk 6:3; 9:17; Lk 3:2; 4:22; 15:19; J 9:19f; Ac 13:21; 16:1; 23:16; Gal 4:30abc (Gen 21:10abc); Js 2:21; AcPlCor 2:29. Also ἐγὼ Φαρισαῖός εἰμι υἱὸς Φαρισαίων Ac 23:6 is prob. a ref. to direct descent. μονογενὴς υἱός (s. μονογενής 1) Lk 7:12. ὁ υἱὸς ὁ πρωτότοκος (πρωτότοκος 1) 2:7.
    ⓑ the immediate male offspring of an animal (Ps 28:1 υἱοὺς κριῶν; Sir 38:25. So Lat. filius: Columella 6, 37, 4) in our lit. only as foal ἐπὶ πῶλον υἱὸν ὑποζυγίου Mt 21:5 (cp. Zech 9:9 πῶλον νέον).
    ⓒ human offspring in an extended line of descent, descendant, son Ἰωσὴφ υἱὸς Δαυίδ Mt 1:20 (cp. Jos., Ant. 11, 73); s. 2dα below. υἱοὶ Ἰσραήλ (Ἰσραήλ 1) Mt 27:9; Lk 1:16; Ac 5:21; 7:23, 37; 9:15; 10:36; Ro 9:27; 2 Cor 3:7, 13; Hb 11:22 al.; AcPlCor 2:32. οἱ υἱοὶ Λευί (Num 26:57) Hb 7:5. υἱὸς Ἀβραάμ Lk 19:9. υἱοὶ Ἀδάμ 1 Cl 29:2 (Dt 32:8). υἱοι Ῥουβήλ GJs 6:3.
    ⓓ one who is accepted or legally adopted as a son (Herodian 5, 7, 1; 4; 5; Jos, Ant. 2, 263; 20, 150) Ac 7:21 (cp. Ex 2:10).—J 19:26.
    ② a pers. related or closely associated as if by ties of sonship, son, transf. sense of 1
    ⓐ of a pupil, follower, or one who is otherw. a spiritual son (SIG 1169, 12 οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ θεοῦ=the pupils and helpers [40] of Asclepius; sim. Maximus Tyr. 4, 2c; Just., D. 86, 6 οἱ υἱοὶ τῶν προφητῶν.—Some combination w. παῖδες is the favorite designation for those who are heirs of guild-secrets or who are to perpetuate a skill of some kind: Pla., Rep. 3, 407e, Leg. 6, 769b; Dionys. Hal., Comp. Verbi 22 p. 102, 4 Us./Rdm. ῥητόρων παῖδες; Lucian, Anach. 19, Dial. Mort. 11, 1 Χαλδαίων π.=dream-interpreters, Dips. 5 ἱατρῶν π., Amor. 49; Himerius, Or. 48 [=Or. 14], 13 σοφῶν π.): the ‘sons’ of the Pharisees Mt 12:27; Lk 11:19. Peter says Μᾶρκος ὁ υἱός μου 1 Pt 5:13 (perh. w. a component of endearment; s. Μᾶρκος). As a familiar form of address by a cherished mentor Hb 12:5 (Pr 3:11; ParJer 5:28; 7:24). υἱοὶ καὶ θυγατέρες B 1:1.
    ⓑ of the individual members of a large and coherent group (cp. the υἷες Ἀχαιῶν in Homer; also PsSol 2:3 οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰερουσαλήμ; Dio Chrys. 71 [21], 15; LXX) οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ λαοῦ μου 1 Cl 8:3 (scripture quot. of unknown origin). υἱοὶ γένους Ἀβραάμ Ac 13:26. οἱ υἱοὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων (Gen 11:5; Ps 11:2, 9; 44:3; TestLevi 3:10; TestZeb 9:7; GrBar 2:4) the sons of men=humans (cp. dγ below) Mk 3:28; Eph 3:5; 1 Cl 61:2 (of the earthly rulers in contrast to the heavenly king).
    ⓒ of one whose identity is defined in terms of a relationship with a person or thing
    α. of those who are bound to a personality by close, non-material ties; it is this personality that has promoted the relationship and given it its character: son(s) of: those who believe are υἱοὶ Ἀβραάμ, because Abr. was the first whose relationship to God was based on faith Gal 3:7. In a special sense the devout, believers, are sons of God, i.e., in the light of the social context, people of special status and privilege (cp. PsSol 17:27; Just., D, 124, 1; Dio Chrys. 58 [75], 8 ὁ τοῦ Διὸς ὄντως υἱός; Epict. 1, 9, 6; 1, 3, 2; 1, 19, 9; Sextus 58; 60; 135; 376a; Dt 14:1; Ps 28:1; 72:15; Is 43:6 [w. θυγατέρες μου]; 45:11; Wsd 2:18; 5:5; 12:21 al.; Jdth 9:4, 13; Esth 8:12q; 3 Macc 6:28; SibOr 3, 702) Mt 5:45; Lk 6:35; Ro 8:14, 19 (‘Redeemer figures’ EFuchs, Die Freiheit des Glaubens, ’49, 108; against him EHommel in ThViat 4, ’52, 118, n. 26); 9:26 (Hos 2:1); 2 Cor 6:18 (w. θυγατέρες, s. Is 43:6 cited above); Gal 3:26 (cp. PsSol 17:27); 4:6a, 7ab (here the υἱός is the κληρονόμος and his opposite is the δοῦλος); Hb 2:10 (JKögel, Der Sohn u. die Söhne: Eine exeget. Studie zu Hb 2:5–18, 1904); 12:5–8 (in vs. 8 opp. νόθος, q.v.); Rv 21:7; 2 Cl 1:4; B 4:9. Corresp. there are sons of the devil (on this subj. cp. Hdb. on J 8:44) υἱὲ διαβόλου Ac 13:10. οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ πονηροῦ (masc.) Mt 13:38b. τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἐν Ἅιδου ApcPt Rainer. In υἱοί ἐστε τῶν φονευσάντων τοὺς προφήτας Mt 23:31 this mng. is prob. to be combined w. sense 1c. The expr. υἱοὶ θεοῦ Mt 5:9 looks to the future (s. Betz, SM ad loc.; cp. KKöhler, StKr 91, 1918, 189f). Lk 20:36a signifies a status akin to that of angels (Ps 88:7; θεῶν παῖδες as heavenly beings: Maximus Tyr. 11, 5a; 12a; 13, 6a.—Hierocles 3, 424 the ἄγγελοι are called θεῶν παῖδες; HWindisch, Friedensbringer-Gottessöhne: ZNW 24, 1925, 240–60, discounts connection w. angels and contends for the elevation of the ordinary followers of Jesus to the status of Alexander the Great in his role as an εἰρηνηποιός [cp. Plut., Mor. 329c]; for measured critique of this view s. Betz, SM 137–42.).
    β. υἱός w. gen. of thing, to denote one who shares in it or who is worthy of it, or who stands in some other close relation to it, oft. made clear by the context; this constr. is prob. a Hebraism in the main, but would not appear barbaric (B-D-F §162, 6; Mlt-H. 441; Dssm., B p. 162–66 [BS 161–66]; PASA II 1884, no. 2 υἱὸς πόλεως [time of Nero; on this type of formulation SEG XXXIX, 1864]; IMagnMai 167, 5; 156, 12) οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου (αἰών 2a) Lk 16:8a (opp. οἱ υἱοί τοῦ φωτός vs. 8b); 20:34. τῆς ἀναστάσεως υἱοί (to Mediterranean publics the functional equivalent of ἀθάνατοι ‘immortals’; cp. ἀνάστασις 2b) 20:36b. υἱοὶ τῆς ἀνομίας (ἀνομία 1; cp. CD 6:15) Hv 3, 6, 1; ApcPt 1:3; τῆς ἀπειθείας (s. ἀπείθεια) Eph 2:2; 5:6; Col 3:6; τῆς ἀπωλείας ApcPt 1:2. ὁ υἱὸς τῆς ἀπωλείας of Judas the informer J 17:12 (cp. similar expressions in Eur., Hec. 425; Menand., Dyscolus 88f: s. FDanker, NTS 7, ’60/61, 94), of the end-time adversary 2 Th 2:3. υἱοὶ τῆς βασιλείας (βασιλεία 1bη; s. SEG XXXIX, 1864 for related expressions) Mt 8:12; 13:38a. υἱοὶ βροντῆς Mk 3:17 (s. Βοανηργές). υἱὸς γεέννης (s. γέεννα) Mt 23:15; τ. διαθήκης (PsSol 17:15) Ac 3:25; εἰρήνης Lk 10:6. υἱοὶ τοῦ νυμφῶνος (s. νυμφών) Mt 9:15; Mk 2:19; Lk 5:34. υἱὸς παρακλήσεως Ac 4:36 (s. Βαρναβᾶς). υἱοὶ (τοῦ) φωτός (Hippol., Ref. 6, 47, 4 in gnostic speculation) Lk 16:8b (opp. υἱοὶ τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου); J 12:36. υἱοὶ φωτός ἐστε καὶ υἱοὶ ἡμέρας 1 Th 5:5 (EBuonaiuti, ‘Figli del giorno e della luce’ [1 Th 5:5]: Rivista storico-critica delle Scienze teol. 6, 1910, 89–93).
    ⓓ in various combinations as a designation of the Messiah and a self-designation of Jesus
    α. υἱὸς Δαυίδ son of David of the Messiah (PsSol 17:21) Mt 22:42–45; Mk 12:35–37; Lk 20:41–44; B 12:10c. Specif. of Jesus as Messiah Mt 1:1a; 9:27; 12:23; 15:22; 20:30f; 21:9, 15; Mk 10:47f; Lk 18:38f.—WWrede, Jesus als Davidssohn: Vorträge u. Studien 1907, 147–77; WBousset, Kyrios Christos2 1921, 4, Rel.3 226f; ELohmeyer, Gottesknecht u. Davidssohn ’45, esp. 68; 72; 77; 84; TNicklin, Gospel Gleanings ’50, 251–56; WMichaelis, Die Davidsohnschaft Jesu usw., in D. histor. Jesus u. d. kerygm. Christus, ed. Ristow and Matthiae, ’61, 317–30; LFisher, ECColwell Festschr. ’68, 82–97.
    β. ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ, υἱὸς θεοῦ (the) Son of God (for the phrase s. JosAs 6:2 al. Ἰωσὴφ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ; there is no undisputed evidence of usage as messianic title in pre-Christian Judaism [s. Dalman, Worte 219–24, Eng. tr. 268–89; Bousset, Kyrios Christos2 53f; EHuntress, ‘Son of God’ in Jewish Writings Prior to the Christian Era: JBL 54, ’35, 117–23]; cp. 4Q 246 col. 2, 1 [JFitzmyer, A Wandering Aramean ’79, 90–93; JCollins, BRev IX/3, ’93, 34–38, 57]. Among polytheists on the other hand, sons of the gods in a special sense [s. Just., A I, 21, 1f] are not only known to myth and legend, but definite historical personalities are also designated as such. Among them are famous wise men such as Pythagoras and Plato [HUsener, Das Weihnachtsfest2 1911, 71ff], and deified rulers, above all the Roman emperors since the time of Augustus [oft. in ins and pap: Dssm., B 166f=BS 166f, LO 294f=LAE 346f; Thieme 33]. According to Memnon [I B.C./ I A.D.]: 434 Fgm. 1, 1, 1 Jac., Clearchus [IV B.C.] carried his boasting so far as Διὸς υἱὸν ἑαυτὸν ἀνειπεῖν. Also, persons who were active at that time as prophets and wonder-workers laid claim to the title υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ, e.g. the Samaritan Dositheus in Origen, C. Cels. 6, 11; sim. an Indian wise man who calls himself Διὸς υἱός Arrian, Anab. 7, 2, 3; cp. Did., Gen. 213, 18 ὁ Ἀβρὰμ υἱὸς θεοῦ διὰ δικαιοσύνην. S. GWetter, ‘Der Sohn Gottes’ 1916; Hdb. exc. on J 1:34; s. also Clemen2 76ff; ENorden, Die Geburt des Kindes 1924, 75; 91f; 132; 156f; EKlostermann, Hdb. exc. on Mk 1:11 [4th ed. ’50]; M-JLagrange, Les origines du dogme paulinien de la divinité de Christ: RB 45, ’36, 5–33; HPreisker, Ntl. Zeitgesch. ’37, 187–208; HBraun, ZTK 54, ’57, 353–64; ANock, ‘Son of God’ in Paul. and Hellen. Thought: Gnomon 33, ’61, 581–90 [=Essays on Religion and the Anc. World II, ’72, 928–39]—originality in Paul’s thought): Ps 2:7 is applied to Jesus υἱός μου εἶ σύ, ἐγὼ σήμερον γεγέννηκά σε Lk 3:22 D; GEb 18, 37.—Ac 13:33; Hb 1:5a; 5:5; 1 Cl 36:4. Likew. Hos 11:1 (w. significant changes): Mt 2:15, and 2 Km 7:14: Hb 1:5b. The voice of God calls him ὁ υἱός μου ὁ ἀγαπητός (s. ἀγαπητός 1) at his baptism Mt 3:17; Mk 1:11; Lk 3:22; GEb 18, 37 and 39 and at the Transfiguration Mt 17:5; Mk 9:7; Lk 9:35 (here ἐκλελεγμένος instead of ἀγαπ.); 2 Pt 1:17. Cp. J 1:34. The angel at the Annunciation uses these expressions in referring to him: υἱὸς ὑψίστου Lk 1:32; GJs 11:3 and υἱὸς θεοῦ Lk 1:35 (Ar. 15, 1 ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ὑψίστου. Cp. Just., A I, 23, 2 μόνος ἰδίως υἱὸς τῷ θεῷ γεγέννηται). The centurion refers to him at the crucifixion as υἱὸς θεοῦ Mt 27:54; Mk 15:39; GPt 11:45; cp. vs. 46 (CMann, ET 20, 1909, 563f; JPobee, The Cry of the Centurion, A Cry of Defeat: CFDMoule Festschr. ’70, 91–102; EJohnson, JSNT 31, ’87, 3–22 [an indefinite affirmation of Jesus]). The high priest asks εἰ σὺ εἶ ὁ Χριστὸς ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ Mt 26:63 (DCatchpole, NTS 17, ’71, 213–26). Passers-by ask him to show that he is God’s Son 27:40; sim. the devil 4:3, 6; Lk 4:3, 9. On the other hand, evil spirits address him as the Son of God Mt 8:29; Mk 3:11; 5:7; Lk 4:41; 8:28; and disciples testify that he is Mt 14:33; 16:16. S. also Mk 1:1 (s. SLegg, Ev. Sec. Marc. ’35).—Jesus also refers to himself as Son of God, though rarely apart fr. the Fourth Gosp.: Mt 28:19 (the Risen Lord in the trinitarian baptismal formula); Mt 21:37f=Mk 12:6 (an allusion in the parable of the vinedressers).—Mt 27:43; Mk 13:32; Rv 2:18. The main pass. is the so-called Johannine verse in the synoptics Mt 11:27=Lk 10:22 (s. PSchmiedel, PM 4, 1900,1–22; FBurkitt, JTS 12, 1911, 296f; HSchumacher, Die Selbstoffenbarung Jesu bei Mt 11:27 [Lk 10:22] 1912 [lit.]; Norden, Agn. Th. 277–308; JWeiss, Heinrici Festschr. 1914, 120–29, Urchristentum 1917, 87ff; Bousset, Kyrios Christos2 1921, 45ff; EMeyer I 280ff; RBultmann, Gesch. d. synopt. Trad.2 ’31, 171f; MDibelius, Die Formgeschichte des Evangeliums2 ’33, 259; MRist, Is Mt 11:25–30 a Primitive Baptismal Hymn? JR 15, ’35, 63–77; TArvedson, D. Mysterium Christi: E. Studie zu Mt 11:25–30, ’37; WDavies, ‘Knowledge’ in the Dead Sea Scrolls and Mt 11:25–30, HTR 45, ’53, 113–39; WGrundmann, Sohn Gottes, ZNW 47, ’56, 113–33; JBieneck, Sohn Gottes als Christusbez. der Synopt. ’51; PWinter, Mt 11:27 and Lk 10:22: NovT 1, ’56, 112–48; JJocz, Judaica 13, ’57, 129–42; OMichel/OBetz, Von Gott Gezeugt, Beih. ZNW [Jeremias Festschr.] 26, ’60, 3–23 [Qumran]).—Apart fr. the synoptics, testimony to Jesus as the Son of God is found in many parts of our lit. Oft. in Paul: Ro 1:3, 4, 9; 5:10; 8:3, 29, 32; 1 Cor 1:9; 15:28; 2 Cor 1:19; Gal 1:16; 2:20; 4:4; Eph 4:13; Col 1:13; 1 Th 1:10. Cp. Ac 9:20. In Hb: 1:2, 8; 4:14; 5:8; 6:6; 7:3, 28; 10:29. In greatest frequency in John (cp. Herm. Wr. 1, 6 the Λόγος as υἱὸς θεοῦ. Likew. Philo, Agr. 51 πρωτόγονος υἱός, Conf. Lingu. 146 υἱὸς θεοῦ.—Theoph. Ant. 2, 1 [p. 154, 12] ὁ λόγος ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ, ὅς ἐστιν καὶ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ; Iren. 3, 12, 2 [Harv. II 55, 2]): J 1:49; 3:16–18 (s. μονογενής 2), 35f; 5:19–26; 6:40; 8:35f; 10:36; 11:4, 27; 14:13; 17:1; 19:7; 20:31; 1J 1:3, 7; 2:22–24; 3:8, 23; 4:9f, 14f; 5:5, 9–13, 20; 2J 3, 9.—B 5:9, 11; 7:2, 9; 12:8; 15:5; Dg 7:4; 9:2, 4; 10:2 (τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ τὸν μονογενῆ; also ApcEsdr 6:16 p. 31, 22 Tdf.; ApcSed 9:1f); IMg 8:2; ISm 1:1; MPol 17:3; Hv 2, 2, 8; Hs 5, 2, 6 (ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ὁ ἀγαπητός); 8; 11; 5, 4, 1; 5, 5, 2; 3; 5; 5, 6, 1; 2; 4; 7 (on the Christology of the Shepherd s. Dibelius, Hdb. on Hs 5, also ALink and JvWalter [πνεῦμα 5cα]); Hs 8, 3, 2; 8, 11, 1. Cp. 9, 1, 1; 9, 12, 1ff.—In trinitarian formulas, in addition to Mt 28:19, also IMg 13:1; EpilMosq 5; D 7:1, 3.—The deceiver of the world appears w. signs and wonders ὡς υἱὸς θεοῦ D 16:4 (ApcEsdr 4:27 p. 28, 32 Tdf. ὁ λέγων• Ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ [of Antichrist]).—EKühl, Das Selbstbewusstsein Jesu 1907, 16–44; GVos, The Self-disclosure of Jesus 1926.—EBurton, ICC Gal 1921, 404–17; TNicklin, Gospel Gleanings ’50, 211–36; MHengel, The Son of God (tr. JBowden) ’76; DJones, The Title υἱὸς θεοῦ in Acts: SBLSP 24, ’85, 451–63.
    γ. ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου lit. ‘the son of the man’ (the pl. form οἱ υἱοὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων appears freq. in the LXX to render בְּנֵי אָדָם = mortals, e.g. Gen 11:5; Ps 10:4; 11:2; cp. ὁ υἱὸς τῆς ἀπολείας J 17:12 [s. 2cβ]) ‘the human being, the human one, the man’ in our lit. only as a byname in ref. to Jesus and in an exclusive sense the Human One, the Human Being, one intimately linked with humanity in its primary aspect of fragility yet transcending it, traditionally rendered ‘the Son of Man.’ The term is found predom. in the gospels, where it occurs in the synoptics about 70 times (about half as oft. if parallels are excluded), and in J 12 times (s. EKlostermann, Hdb. exc. on Mk 8:31). In every case the title is applied by Jesus to himself. Nowhere within a saying or narrative about him is it found in an address to him: Mt 8:20; 9:6; 10:23; 11:19; 12:8, 32, 40; 13:37, 41; 16:13, 27f; 17:9, 12, 22; 18:10 [11] v.l.; 19:28; 20:18, 28; 24:27, 30, 37, 39, 44; 25:13 v.l., 31; 26:2, 24ab, 45, 64; Mk 2:10, 28; 8:31, 38; 9:9, 12, 31; 10:33, 45; 13:26; 14:21ab, 41, 62; Lk 5:24; 6:5, 22; 7:34; 9:22, 26, 44, 56 v.l., 58; 11:30; 12:8, 10, 40; 17:22, 24, 26, 30; 18:8, 31; 19:10; 21:27, 36; 22:22, 48, 69; 24:7.—John (FGrosheide, Υἱὸς τ. ἀνθρ. in het Evang. naar Joh.: TSt 35, 1917, 242–48; HDieckmann, D. Sohn des Menschen im J: Scholastik 2, 1927, 229–47; HWindisch, ZNW 30, ’31, 215–33; 31, ’32, 199–204; WMichaelis, TLZ 85, ’60, 561–78 [Jesus’ earthly presence]) 1:51; 3:13, 14; 5:27 (BVawter, Ezekiel and John, CBQ 26, ’64, 450–58); 6:27, 53, 62; 8:28; 9:35; 12:23, 34; 13:31. Whether the component of fragility (suggested by OT usage in ref. to the brief span of human life and the ills to which it falls heir) or high status (suggested by traditions that appear dependent on Da 7:13, which refers to one ‘like a human being’), or a blend of the two dominates a specific occurrence can be determined only by careful exegesis that in addition to extra-biblical traditions takes account of the total literary structure of the document in which it occurs. Much neglected in the discussion is the probability of prophetic association suggested by the form of address Ezk 2:1 al. (like the OT prophet [Ezk 3:4–11] Jesus encounters resistance).—On Israelite thought contemporary w. Jesus and alleged knowledge of a heavenly being looked upon as a ‘Son of Man’ or ‘Man’, who exercises Messianic functions such as judging the world (metaph., pictorial passages in En 46–48; 4 Esdr 13:3, 51f) s. Bousset, Rel.3 352–55; NMessel, D. Menschensohn in d. Bilderreden d. Hen. 1922; ESjöberg, Kenna 1 Henok och 4 Esra tanken på den lidande Människosonen? Sv. Ex. Årsb. 5, ’40, 163–83, D. Menschensohn im äth. Hen. ’46. This view is in some way connected w. Da 7:13; acc. to some it derives its real content fr. an eschatological tradition that ultimately goes back to Iran (WBousset, Hauptprobleme der Gnosis 1907, 160–223; Reitzenstein, Erlösungsmyst. 119ff, ZNW 20, 1921, 18–22, Mysterienrel.3 418ff; Clemen2 72ff; CKraeling, Anthropos and Son of Man: A Study in the Religious Syncretism of the Hellenistic Orient 1927); acc. to this tradition the First Man was deified; he will return in the last times and usher in the Kingdom of God.—Outside the gospels: Ac 7:56 (v.l. τοῦ θεοῦ; GKilpatrick, TZ 21, ’65, 209); Rv 1:13; 14:14 (both after Da 7:13; sim. allusion to Da in Just., D. 31, 1). The quot. fr. Ps 8:5 in Hb 2:6 prob. does not belong here, since there is no emphasis laid on υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου. In IEph 20:2 Jesus is described as υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου καὶ υἱὸς θεοῦ. Differently B 12:10 Ἰησοῦς, οὐχὶ υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου ἀλλὰ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ Jesus, not a man’s son, but Son of God.—HLietzmann, Der Menschensohn 1896; Dalman, Worte 191–219 (Eng. tr., 234–67); Wlh., Einl.2 123–30; PFiebig, Der Menschensohn 1901; NSchmidt, The Prophet of Nazareth 1905, 94–134, Recent Study of the Term ‘Son of Man’: JBL 45, 1926, 326–49; FTillmann, Der Menschensohn 1907; EKühl, Das Selbstbewusstsein Jesu 1907, 65ff; HHoltzmann, Das messianische Bewusstsein Jesu, 1907, 49–75 (lit.), Ntl. Theologie2 I 1911, 313–35; FBard, D. Sohn d. Menschen 1908; HGottsched, D. Menschensohn 1908; EAbbott, ‘The Son of Man’, etc., 1910; EHertlein, Die Menschensohnfrage im letzten Stadium 1911, ZNW 19, 1920, 46–48; JMoffatt, The Theology of the Gospels 1912, 150–63; WBousset, Kyrios Christos2 1921, 5–22 (the titles of the works by Wernle and Althaus opposing his first edition [1913], as well as Bousset’s answer, are found s.v. κύριος, end); DVölter, Jesus der Menschensohn 1914, Die Menschensohnfrage neu untersucht 1916; FSchulthess, ZNW 21, 1922, 247–50; Rtzst., Herr der Grösse 1919 (see also the works by the same author referred to above in this entry); EMeyer II 335ff; HGressmann, ZKG n.s. 4, 1922, 170ff, D. Messias 1929, 341ff; GDupont, Le Fils d’Homme 1924; APeake, The Messiah and the Son of Man 1924; MWagner, Der Menschensohn: NKZ 36, 1925, 245–78; Guillaume Baldensperger, Le Fils d’Homme: RHPR 5, 1925, 262–73; WBleibtreu, Jesu Selbstbez. als der Menschensohn: StKr 98/99, 1926, 164–211; AvGall, Βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ 1926; OProcksch, D. Menschensohn als Gottessohn: Christentum u. Wissensch. 3, 1927, 425–43; 473–81; CMontefiore, The Synoptic Gospels2 1927 I 64–80; ROtto, Reich Gottes u. Menschensohn ’34, Eng. tr. The Kgdm. of God and the Son of Man, tr. Filson and Woolf2 ’43; EWechssler, Hellas im Ev. ’36, 332ff; PParker, The Mng. of ‘Son of Man’: JBL 60, ’41, 151–57; HSharman, Son of Man and Kingdom of God ’43; JCampbell, The Origin and Mng. of the Term Son of Man: JTS 48, ’47, 145–55; HRiesenfeld, Jésus Transfiguré ’47, 307–13 (survey and lit.); TManson, ConNeot 11, ’47, 138–46 (Son of Man=Jesus and his disciples in Mk 2:27f); GDuncan, Jesus, Son of Man ’47, 135–53 (survey); JBowman, ET 59, ’47/48, 283–88 (background); MBlack, ET 60, ’48f, 11–15; 32–36; GKnight, Fr. Moses to Paul ’49, 163–72 (survey); TNicklin, Gospel Gleanings ’50, 237–50; TManson (Da, En and gospels), BJRL 32, ’50, 171–93; TPreiss, Le Fils d’Homme: ÉThR 26/3, ’51, Life in Christ, ’54, 43–60; SMowinckel, He That Cometh, tr. Anderson, ’54, 346–450; GIber, Überlieferungsgesch. Unters. z. Begriff des Menschensohnes im NT, diss. Heidelb. ’53; ESjöberg, D. verborgene Menschensohn in den Ev. ’55; WGrundmann, ZNW 47, ’56, 113–33; HRiesenfeld, The Mythological Backgrd. of NT Christology, CHDodd Festschr. ’56, 81–95; PhVielhauer, Gottesreich u. Menschensohn in d. Verk. Jesu, GDehn Festschr. ’57, 51–79; ESidebottom, The Son of Man in J, ET 68, ’57, 231–35; 280–83; AHiggins, Son of Man- Forschung since (Manson’s) ‘The Teaching of Jesus’: NT Essays (TW Manson memorial vol.) ’59, 119–35; HTödt, D. Menschensohn in d. synopt. Überl. ’59 (tr. Barton ’65); JMuilenburg, JBL 79, ’60, 197–209 (Da, En); ESchweizer, JBL 79, ’60, 119–29 and NTS 9, ’63, 256–61; BvIersel, ‘Der Sohn’ in den synopt. Jesusworten, ’61 (community?); MBlack, BJRL 45, ’63, 305–18; FBorsch, ATR 45, ’63, 174–90; AHiggins, Jesus and the Son of Man, ’64; RFormesyn, NovT 8, ’66, 1–35 (barnasha=‘I’); SSandmel, HSilver Festschr. ’63, 355–67; JJeremias, Die älteste Schicht der Menschensohn-Logien, ZNW 58, ’67, 159–72; GVermes, MBlack, Aram. Approach3, ’67, 310–30; BLindars, The New Look on the Son of Man: BJRL 63, ’81, 437–62; WWalker, The Son of Man, Some Recent Developments CBQ 45, ’83, 584–607; JDonahue, Recent Studies on the Origin of ‘Son of Man’ in the Gospels, CBQ 48, ’86, 584–607; DBurkitt, The Nontitular Son of Man, A History and Critique: NTS 40, ’94 504–21 (lit.); JEllington, BT 40, ’89, 201–8; RGordon, Anthropos: 108–13.—B. 105; DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > υἱός

  • 14 पृथु _pṛthu

    पृथु a. (
    -थु or
    -थ्वी f., compar. प्रथीयस्, superl. प्रथिष्ठ) [प्रथ्-कु संप्र˚ Uṇ.1.28]
    1 Broad, wide, spacious, expansive; पृथुनितम्ब q. v. below; सिन्धोः पृथुमपि तनुम् Me.48.
    -2 Copious, abundant, ample; अव्युच्छिन्नपृथु- प्रवृत्ति भवतो दानं ममाप्यर्थिषु V.4.47.
    -3 Large, great; दृशः पृथुतरीकृताः Ratn.2.15; अरोधि पन्थाः पृथुदन्तशालिना Śi. 12.48; R.11.25.
    -4 Detailed, prolix.
    -5 Numerous.
    -6 Smart, sharp, clever.
    -7 Important.
    -6 Various.
    -थुः 1 N. of fire or Agni.
    -2 N. of Viṣṇu.
    -3 Of Mahādeva.
    -4 N. of a king. [Pṛithu was the son of Vena, son of Anga. He was called the first king, from whom the earth received her name Pṛithvī. The Viṣṇu Purāṇa relates that when Vena who was wicked by nature and prohibited worship and sacrifice, was beaten to death by the pious sages, and when conse- quently robbery and anarchy prevailed in the absence of a King, the Munis rubbed the right arm of the dead king to produce a son, and from it sprang the majestic Pṛithu, glowing like Agni. He was immediately declared King, and his subjects who had suffered from famine, besought the monarch for the edible fruits and plants which the earth withheld from them. In anger Pṛithu took up his bow to compel her to yield the supply so much needed by his subjects. She assum- ed the form of a cow and began to flee chased by the King. But she at last yielded and requested him to spare her life, and at the same time promised to restore all the needed fruits, plants &c., 'if a calf were given to her through which she might be able to secrete milk.' Pṛithu thereupon made Svāyambhuva Manu the calf; milked the earth, and received the milk into his own hand, from which proceeded all kinds of corn, vegetables, fruits &c., for the mainte- nance of his subjects. The example or Pṛithu was after- wards followed by a variety of milkers-gods, men, Ṛiṣis, mountains, Nāgas, Asuras &c., who found out the proper milkman and calf from their own number, and milked the earth of whatever they wanted; cf. Ku.1.2.]
    -थु f. Opium.
    -Comp. -उदर a. big-bellied, corpulent. (
    -रः) a ram.
    -कीर्ति a. far-famed.
    -जघन, -नितम्ब a. having large or broad hips or slopes; पृथुनितम्ब नितम्बवती तव V.4.26.
    -दर्शिन् a. far-sighted.
    -पत्रः, -त्रम् red garlic.
    -प्रथ, -यशस् a. far-famed, widely renowned.
    -बीजकः lentils.
    -रोमन् m. a fish. ˚युग्म the sign Pisces of the zodiac.
    -शेखरः a mountain.
    -श्री a. highly prosperous.
    -श्रोणि a. having large hips.
    -संपद् a. rich, wealthy.
    -स्कन्धः a hog.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > पृथु _pṛthu

  • 15 कामः _kāmḥ

    कामः [कम्-घञ्]
    1 Wish, desire; संतानकामाय R.2.65, 3.67; oft. used with the inf. form; गन्तुकामः desirous to go; संगात्संजायते कामः Bg.2.62; Ms.2.94.
    -2 Object of desire; सर्वान् कामान् समश्नुते Ms.2.5; Bṛi. Up.1.3.28. Kaṭh. Up.1.25.
    -3 Affection, love.
    -4 Love or desire of sensual enjoyments, considered as one of the ends of life (पुरुषार्थ); cf. अर्थ and अर्थकाम.
    -5 Desire of carnal gratification, lust; Ms.2.214; न मय्यावेशितधियां कामः कामाय कल्पते Bhāg.1.22.26.
    -6 The god of love.
    -7 N. of Pradyumna.
    -8 N. of Balarāma.
    -9 A kind of mango tree.
    -1 The Supreme Being.
    -मा Desire, wish; उवाच च महासर्पं कामया ब्रूहि पन्नग Mb.3.179.2.
    -मम् 1 Object of desire.
    -2 Semen virile. [Kāma is the Cupid of the Hindu mythology- the son of Kṛiṣṇa and Rukmiṇī. His wife is Rati. When the gods wanted a commander for their forces in their war with Tāraka, they sought the aid of Kāma in drawing the mind of Śiva towards Pārvatī, whose issue alone could vanquish the demon. Kāma undertook the mission; but Śiva, being offended at the disturbance of his penance, burnt him down with the fire of his third eye. Subsequently he was allowed by Śiva to be born again in the form of Pradyumna at the request of Rati. His intimate friend is Vasanta or the spring; and his son is Aniruddha. He is armed with a bow and arrows--the bow-string being a line of bees, and arrows of flowers of five different plants].
    -Comp. -अग्निः 1 a fire of love, violent or ardent love.
    -2 violent desire, fire of passion. ˚संदीपनम्
    1 inflaming fire of love.
    -2 an aphrodisiac.
    -अङ्कुशः 1 a finger- nail (which plays an important part in erotic acts).
    -2 the male organ of generation.
    -अङ्गः the mango tree.
    -अधिकारः the influence of love or desire.
    -अधिष्ठित a. overcome by love.
    -अनलः see कामाग्नि.
    -अन्ध a. blinded by love or passion. (
    -न्धः) the (Indian) cuckoo.
    -अन्धा musk.
    -अन्निन् a. getting food at will.
    -अभिकाम a. libidinous, lustful.
    -अरण्यम् a pleasant grove.
    -अरिः 1 an epithet of Śiva; ते समेत्य तु कामारिं त्रिपुरारिं त्रिलोचनम् Rām.7.6.3.
    -2 a mineral subs- tance.
    -अर्थिन् a. amorous, lustful, lascivious.
    -अवतारः N. of Pradyumna.
    -अवशा(सा)यिता f.
    1 Self-control.
    -2 a kind of Yogic power.
    -अवसायः suppression of passion or desire, stoicism.
    -अशनम् 1 eating at will.
    -2 unrestrained enjoyment.
    -आख्या, -अक्षी N. of Durgā.
    -आतुर a. love-sick, affected by love; कामातुराणां न भयं न लज्जा Subhāṣ.
    -आत्मजः an epithet of Aniruddha, son of Pradyumna.
    -आत्मन् a. lustful, libidinous, en- amoured. कामात्मानः स्वर्गफलाः Bg.2.43. Mb.1.119.3-4. Ms.7.27.
    -आयुधम् 1 arrow of the god of love.
    -2 membrum virile. (
    -धः) the mango-tree.
    -आयुस् m.
    1 a vulture.
    -2 Garuḍa.
    -आर्त a. love-stricken, affected by love; कामार्ता हि प्रकृतिकृपणाश्चेतनाचेतनेषु Me.5.
    -आश्रमः the hermitage of the god of love; Rām.1.
    -आसक्त a. overcome with love or desire, impassioned, lustful.
    -इष्टः the mango tree.
    -ईप्सु a. striving to obtain a desired object, यत्तु कामेप्सुना कर्म Bg.18.24.
    -ईशः, -ईश्वरः 1 an epithet of Kubera;
    -2 the Supreme soul.
    -3 a person possessing all wealth. अपास्य कामा- न्कामेशो वसेत्तत्राविचारयन् Mb.12.287.56.
    -उदकम् 1 voluntary libation of water.
    -2 a voluntary libation of water to deceased friends exclusive of those who are entitled to it by law; कामोदकं सखिप्रत्तास्वस्रीयश्वशुर- र्त्विजाम् Y.3.4.
    - उपहत a. affected by or overcome with passion.
    -कला N. of Rati, the wife of Kāma.
    -काम, -कामिन् a. following the dictates of love or passion, गतागतं कामकामा लभन्ते Bg.9.21; स शान्तिमाप्नोति न कामकामी Bg.2.7.
    -कार a. acting at will, indulging one's desires.
    (-रः) 1 voluntary action, spontaneous deed; Rām.2.11.18; Ms.11.41,45.
    -2 desire, influ- ence of desire; अयुक्तः कामकारेण फले सक्तो निबध्यते Bg.5. 12.
    -कूटः 1 the paramour of a harlot.
    -2 harlotry.
    -कृत् a.
    1 acting at will, acting as one likes.
    -2 granting or fulfilling a desire. (-m.) the Supreme soul.
    -केलि a. lustful.
    (-लिः) 1 a paramour.
    -2 amorous sport.
    -3 copulation.
    -क्रीडा 1 dalliance of love, amorous sport.
    -2 copulation.
    -ग a. going of one's own accord, able to act or move as one likes.
    (-गा) 1 an unchaste or libidinous woman; Y.3.6.
    -2 a female Kokila.
    -गति a. able to go to any desired place; अध्यास्त कामगति सावरजो विमानम् R.13.76.
    -गुणः 1 the quality of passion, affection.
    -2 satiety, perfect enjoyment.
    -3 an object of sense.
    -चर, -चार a. moving freely or unrestrained, wandering at will; सर्वेषु लोकेष्वकामचारो भवति Bṛi. Up.7.25.2; नारदः कामचरः Ku.1.5.
    -चार a. unchecked, unrestrained.
    (-रः) 1 unrestrained motion.
    -2 independent or wilful action, wantonness; न कामचारो मयि शङ्कनीयः R.14.62.
    -3 one's will or pleasure, free will; अव्यपवृक्ते कामचारः Mbh. on Śiva Sūtra 3.4. कामचारानुज्ञा Sk.; Ms.2.22.
    -4 sensuality.
    -5 selfishness.
    -चारिन् a.
    1 moving unrestrained; Me.65.
    -2 libidinous, lustful.
    -3 self-willed. (-m.)
    1 Garuḍa.
    -2 a sparrow.
    -ज a. produced by passion or desire; Ms.7.46,47,5.
    -जः anger; रथो वेदी कामजो युद्धमग्निः Mb.12.24.27.
    -जननी betel-pepper (नागवेली).
    -जानः, -निः See कामतालः.
    -जित् a. conquering love or passion; R.9.33. (-m.)
    1 an epithet of Skanda.
    -2 of Śiva.
    -तन्त्रम् N. of a work.
    -तालः the (Indian) cuckoo.
    -द a. fulfilling a desire, granting a request or desire. (
    -दः) an epithet of Skanda and of Śiva.
    -दहनम् a particular festival on the day of full moon in the month फाल्गुन (Mar. होलिकोत्सव).
    -दा = कामधेनु q. v.
    -दर्शन a. looking lovely.
    -दानम् 1 a gift to one's satisfaction.
    -2 a kind of ceremony among prosti- tutes; B. P.
    -दुघ a. 'milking one's desires', granting every desired object; प्रीता कामदुघा हि सा R.1.81,2.63; Māl.3.11.
    -दुघा, -दुह् f. a fabulous cow yielding all desires; आयुधानामहं वज्रं धेनूनामस्मि कामधुक् Bg.1.28. स्वर्गे लोके कामधुग्भवति Mbh. on P.VI.1.84.
    -दूती the female cuckoo.
    -दृश् f. a woman; विमोचितुं कामदृशां विहारक्रीडामृगो यन्निगडो विसर्गः Bhāg.7.6.17.
    -देव 1 the god of love.
    -2 N. of Śiva.
    -3 N. of Viṣṇu.
    -दोहिन् a. granting desires.
    -धर्मः amorous behaviour.
    -धेनुः f. the cow of plenty, a heavenly cow yielding all desires; कलतिवलती कामधेनू; or कलिवली कामधेनू Vyāka- raṇa Subhāṣita.
    -ध्वंसिन् m. an epithet of Śiva.
    -पति, -पत्नी f. Rati, wife of Cupid.
    -पालः N. of Balarāma; also of Śiva.
    -प्रद a. granting desires.
    (-दः) 1 a kind of coitus.
    -2 the Supreme Being.
    -प्रवेदनम् expressing one's desire, wish or hope; कच्चित् कामप्रवेदने Ak.
    -प्रश्नः an unrestrained or free question; स ह कामप्रश्नमेव वव्रे Bṛi. Up.4.3.1.
    -फलः a species of the mango tree.
    -ला the plantain tree.
    -भाज् a. partaking of sensual enjoyment; कामानां त्वा कामभाजं करोमि Kaṭh.1.24.
    -भोगाः (pl.) sensual grati- fications; प्रसक्ताः कामभोगेषु Bg.16.16.
    -महः a festival of the god of love celebrated on the full-moon day in the month of Chaitra.
    -मालिन् m. N. of Gaṇeśa.
    -मूढ, -मोहित a. influenced or infatuated by love; यत्क्रौञ्च- मिथुनादेकमवधीः काममोहितम् U.2.5.
    -रसः 1 seminal dis- charge.
    -2 the spling
    -रसिक a. lustful, libidinous; क्षणमपि युवा कामरसिकः Bh.3.112.
    -रूप a.
    1 taking any form at will; जानामि त्वां प्रकृतिपुरुषं कामरूपं मघोनः Me.6.
    -2 beautiful, pleasing. (
    -पाः) (pl.) a district lying in the east of Bengal (the west- ern portion of Assam); तमीशः कामरूपाणाम् R.4.83,84.
    -रूपिन् a.
    1 taking any form at will; कामान्नी कामरूपी Tait. Up.3.1.5.
    -2 beautiful. -m.
    1 a pole-cat.
    -2 a boar.
    -3 a Vidyādhara.
    -रेखा, -लेखा a harlot, courtezan.
    -लता membrum virile.
    -लोल a. overcome with passion, love-stricken.
    -वरः a gift chosen at will.
    -वल्लभः 1 the spring.
    -2 the moon.
    -3 the mango tree. (
    -भा) moonlight.
    -वश a. influenced by love. (
    -शः) subjection to love.
    -वश्य n. subject to love.
    -वाद a. saying anything at will.
    -विहन्तृ a. disappointing desires.
    -वीर्य a. 'showing heroism at will,' an epithet of Garuḍa.
    -वृक्षम् a. paracitical plant.
    -वृत्त a. addicted to sensual gratification, licentious, dissipated; विशीलः कामवृत्तो वा गुणैर्वा परिवर्जितः । उपचर्यः स्त्रिया साध्व्या सततं देववत्पतिः ॥ Ms. 5.154.
    -वृत्ति a. acting according to will, self-willed, independent; न कामवृत्तिर्वचनीयमीक्षते Ku.5.82. (
    -त्तिः) f.
    1 free and unrestrained action.
    -2 freedom of will.
    -वृद्धिः f. increase of passion.
    -वृन्तम् the trumpet flower.
    - शर 1 a love shaft.
    -2 the mango tree.
    -शास्त्रम् the science of love, erotic science.
    -संयोगः attainment of desired objects.
    -सखः 1 the spring.
    -2 the month of Chaitra.
    -3 the mango tree.
    -सू a. fulfilling any desire. किमत्र चित्रं यदि कामसूर्भूः R.5.33. -m. N. of Vāsudeva. -f. N. of Rukmiṇi;
    -सूत्रम् 1 N. of an erotic work by Vātsyāyana.
    -2 'thread of love', love-incident' औद्धत्यमायोजितकामसूत्रम् Māl.1.4.
    -हैतुक a. produced by mere desire without any real cause; Bg.16.8.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > कामः _kāmḥ

  • 16 दमयन्ती _damayantī

    दमयन्ती 1 N. of the daughter of Bhīma, king of the Vidarbhas. [She was so called because by her matchless beauty she subdued the pride of all lovely women; cf. N.2.18:-- भुवनत्रयसुभ्रुवामसौ दमयन्ती कमनीयतामदम् । उदियाय यतस्तनुश्रिया दमयन्तीति ततो$भिधां दधौ ॥ A golden swan first described to her the beauty and virtues of king Nala, and through him she communi- cated her love to Nala. Afterwards at the Svayaṁvara she chose Nala for her husband from out of a host of competitors among whom were the four gods Indra, Agni, Yama, and Varuṇa themselves, and the lovely pair spent some years very happily. But their happi- ness was not destined to last long. Kali, envious of the good fortune of Nala, entered his body, and induced him to play at dice with his brother Puskara. In the heat of the play the infatuated monarch staked and lost everything except himself and his wife. Nala and Damayantī were, therefore, driven out of the kingdom, 'clad in a single garment'. While wandering through the wilderness, Damayantī had to pass through several trying adventures, but her devotion to her husband remained entirely unshaken. One day while she was asleep, Nala in the frenzy of despair abandoned her, and she was obliged to go to her father's house. After some time she was united with her husband, and they passed the rest of their lives in the undisturbed enjoyment of happiness. See Nala and Ṛituparna also.]
    -2 N. of a flowering plant (Mar. मोगरी).

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > दमयन्ती _damayantī

  • 17 פרר

    פָּרַר(b. h.) to break. Pi. פֵּרֵר to crumble. Pes.10b ררכו של תינוק לפָרֵר it is a childs way to crumble bread (and leave it on the ground). Ib. II, 1 מְפָרֵר וזורהוכ׳ he may crumble (the leavened bread) and cast it to the wind; a. fr.Tosef.Shebi.VI, 29 מְפָיְרִין, v. פָּרַד. Hif. הֵפֵר, הֵיפֵר to break, destroy; to thwart. Ab. III, 11 המֵפֵר בריתווכ׳ he that breaks the Abrahamitic covenant (omits or effaces circumcision, v. מָשַׁךְ). Gen. R. s. 98 (play on פֹּרָת, Gen. 49:22) בן שה׳ לאחיו the son that broke (faith) with his brothers; ib. שהֵפֵירוּ לו אחיו to whom his brothers were faithless; ib. שה׳ לאדונתו, v. אֲדוֹנָח. Ib. s. 16 (play on פְּרָת, Gen. 2:14) פרת שהֵפֵירָה והצירה לבניו Edom (Rome) is called Prath, because she broke faith with, and distressed his (Gods) children (Var. לפניו); שאני עתיד להָפֵר לה because I (the Lord) shall in the end thwart her plans; Yalk. ib. 22; a. fr.Esp. to make void; to disalloiv a vow (Num. 30:2–16). Ned.X, 1 אביה ובעלה מְפִירִיןוכ׳ both her father and her husband must declare her vow void; ה׳ האבוכ׳ if only the father protested, and the husband did not. Ib. 2 חבעל מֵפֵר בבגרוכ׳ in the case of an adult the husband has the right of disallowing, but not the father. Ib. 4 אינו יכול להָפֵר he has no power to disallow her vows. Ib. 5 יָפֵר he has the power Ib. 72a, a. e. אין הבעל מֵיפֵר בקודמין the husband cannot invalidate vows made before marriage, Ib. XI, 12 (90b) יָפֵר (ל)חלקי he may invalidate her vow for his share (as far as it concerns him). Ib. 7 איני יודע שיש מפירין I did not know that there are invalidating powers (vested in the husband); a. v. fr.Part. pass. מוּפָר; pl. מוּפָרִין. Ib. X, 1 אינו מ׳ her vow is not made void. Ib. 4 כל נררים … הרי הן מ׳ whatever vows thou mayest have made in my house, shall be void. Ib. 77b מ׳ ליכי thy vow is void; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > פרר

  • 18 פָּרַר

    פָּרַר(b. h.) to break. Pi. פֵּרֵר to crumble. Pes.10b ררכו של תינוק לפָרֵר it is a childs way to crumble bread (and leave it on the ground). Ib. II, 1 מְפָרֵר וזורהוכ׳ he may crumble (the leavened bread) and cast it to the wind; a. fr.Tosef.Shebi.VI, 29 מְפָיְרִין, v. פָּרַד. Hif. הֵפֵר, הֵיפֵר to break, destroy; to thwart. Ab. III, 11 המֵפֵר בריתווכ׳ he that breaks the Abrahamitic covenant (omits or effaces circumcision, v. מָשַׁךְ). Gen. R. s. 98 (play on פֹּרָת, Gen. 49:22) בן שה׳ לאחיו the son that broke (faith) with his brothers; ib. שהֵפֵירוּ לו אחיו to whom his brothers were faithless; ib. שה׳ לאדונתו, v. אֲדוֹנָח. Ib. s. 16 (play on פְּרָת, Gen. 2:14) פרת שהֵפֵירָה והצירה לבניו Edom (Rome) is called Prath, because she broke faith with, and distressed his (Gods) children (Var. לפניו); שאני עתיד להָפֵר לה because I (the Lord) shall in the end thwart her plans; Yalk. ib. 22; a. fr.Esp. to make void; to disalloiv a vow (Num. 30:2–16). Ned.X, 1 אביה ובעלה מְפִירִיןוכ׳ both her father and her husband must declare her vow void; ה׳ האבוכ׳ if only the father protested, and the husband did not. Ib. 2 חבעל מֵפֵר בבגרוכ׳ in the case of an adult the husband has the right of disallowing, but not the father. Ib. 4 אינו יכול להָפֵר he has no power to disallow her vows. Ib. 5 יָפֵר he has the power Ib. 72a, a. e. אין הבעל מֵיפֵר בקודמין the husband cannot invalidate vows made before marriage, Ib. XI, 12 (90b) יָפֵר (ל)חלקי he may invalidate her vow for his share (as far as it concerns him). Ib. 7 איני יודע שיש מפירין I did not know that there are invalidating powers (vested in the husband); a. v. fr.Part. pass. מוּפָר; pl. מוּפָרִין. Ib. X, 1 אינו מ׳ her vow is not made void. Ib. 4 כל נררים … הרי הן מ׳ whatever vows thou mayest have made in my house, shall be void. Ib. 77b מ׳ ליכי thy vow is void; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > פָּרַר

  • 19 आदि _ādi

    आदि a.
    1 First, primary, primitive; निदानं त्वादिकारणम् Ak.
    -2 Chief, first, principal, pre-eminent; oft. at the end of comp. in this sense; see below.
    -3 First in time existing before.
    -दीः 1 Beginning, commencement (opp. अन्त); अप एव ससर्जादौ तासु बीजमवासृजत् Ms.1.8; Bg.3.41; अनादि &c.; जगदादिरनादिस्त्वम् Ku.2.9; oft. at the end of comp. and translated by 'beginning with', 'et cætera', 'and others', 'and so on' (of the same nature or kind), 'such like'; इन्द्रादयो देवाः the gods Indra and others (इन्द्रः आदिर्येषां ते); एवमादि this and the like; भ्वादयो धातवः भू and others, or words beginning with भू, are called roots; oft. used by Pāṇini to denote classes or groups of grammatical words; अदादि, दिवादि, स्वादि &c.
    -2 First part of portion.
    -3 A firstling, first-fruits.
    -4 Prime cause.
    -5 Nearness.
    -6 One of the seven parts of Sāma; अथ सप्तविधस्य वाचि सप्तविधं सामोपासीत यत्किंच वाचो हुमिति स हिंकारो यत्प्रेति स प्रस्तावो यदेति स आदिः Ch. Up.2.8.1.
    -Comp. -अन्त a.
    1 having beginning and end.
    -2 first and last. (
    -तम्) beginning and end. -˚यमकम् N. of a figure in poetry. cf. Bk.1.21. ˚वत् having beginning and end, finite. ˚अन्तर्वर्तिन् a. having a beginning, end and middle; being all-in-all.
    -उदात्त a. having the acute accent on the first syllable.
    -उपान्तम् ind. from first to last.
    -करः, -कर्तृ, -कृत् m. the creator, an epithet of Brahmā or Viṣnu; गरीयसे ब्रह्मणो$प्यादिकर्त्रे Bg.11.37; विशेषणे द्वे य इहादिकर्तुर्वदेदधीती स हि कैयटीयः Śab. Kau.
    -कर्मन् n. the beginning of an action.
    -कविः 'the first poet', an epi- thet of Brahmā and of Vālmīki; the former is so called because he first produced and promulgated the Vedas; (तेने ब्रह्म हृदा य आदिकवये मुह्यन्ति यत्सूरयः Bhāg.1.1.1.) and the latter, because he was the first to show to others 'the path of poets'; when he beheld one of a pair of Krauñcha birds being killed by a fowler, he cursed the wretch, and his grief unconsciously took the form of a verse (श्लोकत्वमापद्यत यस्य शोकः); he was sub- sequently told by Brahmā to compose the life of Rāma, and he thus gave to the world the first poem in Sanskrit, the Rāmāyaṇa; cf. U.2. Viṣkambhaka.
    -काण्डम् the first book of the Rāmāyaṇa.
    -कारणम् the first or primary cause (of the universe), which, according to the Vedāntins, is Brahman; while, according to the Naiyāyikas and particalarly the Vaiśeṣikas, atoms are the first or material cause of the universe, and not God.
    -2 analysis.
    -3 algebra.
    -काव्यम् the first poem; i. e. the Rāmāyaṇa; see आदिकवि.
    -केशवः N. of Viṣṇu.
    -जिनः N. of Ṛiṣabha, the first तीर्थंकर.
    -तालः a sort of musical time or ताल; एक एव लघुर्यत्र आदितालः स कथ्यते.
    -दीपकम् N. of a figure in rhetoric (the verb standing at the beginning of the sentence). cf. Bk.1.23.
    -देवः 1 the first or Supreme God; पुरुषं शाश्वतं दिव्यं आदिदेव- मजं विभुम् Bg.1.12,11.38.
    -2 Nārāyaṇa or Viṣṇu.
    -3 Śiva.
    -4 Brahmā; Mb.12.188.2.
    -5 the sun.
    -दैत्यः an epithet of Hiraṇyakaśipu.
    -नाथः N. of Ādibuddha.
    -पर्वन् n. 'the first section or chapter', N. of the first book of the Mahābhārata.
    -पुराणम् the first Purāṇa, N. of the Brahma-Purāṇa. N. of a Jaina religious book.
    -पु (पू) रुषः 1 the first or primeval being, the lord of the creation.
    -2 Viṣṇu, Kṛiṣṇa, or Nārāyaṇa; ते च प्रापुरुदन्वन्तं बुबुधे चादिपूरुषः R.1.6; तमर्घ्यमर्घ्यादिकयादिपूरुषः Śi.1.14.
    -बलम् genera- tive power; first vigour.
    -बुद्ध a. perceived in the beginning. (
    -द्धः) the primitive Buddha.
    -भव, -भूत a. produced at first.
    (-वः, -तः) 1 'the first-born', primeval being, an epithet of Brahmā; इत्युक्त्वादिभवो देवः Bhāg.7.3.22.
    -2 also N. of Viṣṇu; रसातलादादि. भवेन पुंसा R.13.8.
    -3 an elder brother. (
    -तम्) minute five elements (पञ्चमहाभूतानि); नष्टे लोके द्विपरार्धावसाने महा- भूतेष्वादिभूतं गतेषु Bhāg.1.3.25.
    -मूलम् first founda- tion, primeval cause.
    -योगाचार्यः 'the first teacher of devotion', an epithet of Śiva.
    -रसः the first of he 8 Rasas, i. e. शृङ्गार or love.
    -राजः the first king पृथु; an epithet of Manu.
    -रूपम् Symptom (of disease).
    -वंशः primeval race, primitive family.
    -वराहः 'the first boar', an epithet of Visṇu, alluding to his third or boar-incarnation.
    -विद्वस् m. the first learned man; कपिल.
    -विपुला f. N. of an Āryā metre.
    -वृक्षः N. of a plant (Mar. आपटा).
    -शक्तिः f.
    1 the power of माया or illusion.
    -2 an epithet of Durgā.
    -शरीरम् 1. the primitive body.
    -2 ignorance.
    -3 the subtle body.
    -सर्गः the first creation.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > आदि _ādi

  • 20 ÞÓRR

    m. the god Thor.
    * * *
    m., gen. Þórs, dat. and acc. Þór, but Þóri dat., Bragi; in Runic inscriptions spelt Þur; [A. S. þunor; Engl. thunder; North. E. thunner; Dutch donder; O. H. G. donar; Germ. donner; Hel. thunar; Dan. Tor, in tor-den; cp. Lat. tŏno and tonitrus; the word Þór-r is therefore formed by absorption of the middle n, and contraction of an older dissyllabic Þonor into one syllable, and is a purely Scandinavian form; hence in A. S. charters or diplomas it is a sure sign of forgery when names compd with þur- appear in deeds pretending to be of a time earlier than the Danish invasion in the 9th century; although in later times they abound; the Engl. Thurs-day is a later form, in which the phonetic rule of the Scandin. tongue has been followed; perh. it is a North. E. form. There is a short essay by Jacob Grimm on the etymology of this word.]
    A. The god Thor, the god of thunder, keeper of the hammer, the ever-fighting slayer of trolls and destroyer of evil spirits, the friend of mankind, the defender of the earth, the heavens, and the gods, for without Thor and his hammer the earth would become the helpless prey of the giants. He was the consecrator, the hammer being the cross or holy sign of the ancient heathen, hence the expressive phrase on a heathen Danish Runic stone, Þurr vigi þassi runar, ‘Thor, consecrate these Runes!’ Rafn 193. Thor was the son of mother Earth; blunt, hot-tempered, without fraud or guile, of few words and ready stroke,—such was Thor, the favourite deity of the ancients. The finest legends of the Edda, - and the best lays (the lays of Hymir, Thrym, and Harbard) refer to Thor, see the Edda passim, Eb. the first chapters—hann varðveitti þar í eyinni Þórs-hof, ok var mikill vin Þórs, … hann gékk til fréttar við Þór ástvin sinn …, Eb.; Helgi var blandinn í trú, hann trúði á Krist, en hét á Þór til sjófara ok harðræða, Landn. 206. For a head of Thor carved on the high-seat pillars, see Eb., Fbr.: or on a talisman, Fs. 97.
    B. COMPDS OF PROPER NAMES.—The name of Thor has always been thought to sound well, and is much used in pr. names; (hann átti) son er Steinn hét, þann svein gaf Þórólfr Þór vin símim ok kallaði Þorstein, Eb.; uncompd only in the form Þórir of a man, Þóra of a woman, but common in compds, where in mod. usage the vowel is sounded long before a vowel, and before b and d, elsewhere short, but in old times it was no doubt ó throughout;—thus, as a prefix, Þór-álfr, Þórólfr, Þórarr, Þór-arinn, Þór-oddr, Þór-haddr, Þór-halli, Þór-hallr; but Þor-bergr, Þor-björn, Þor-brandr, Þor-finnr, Þor-gautr, Þor-geirr, Þor-gestr (Þórgestlingar, the family of Th., Eb.), Þor-grímr, Þor-gils, Þor-gnýr, Þor-kell (qs. Þorketill), Þor-lákr (sounded Þollákr, Bs. i. 356, l. 18, and so in mod. usage), Þor-leifr, Þor-leikr, Þor-ljótr, Þor-móðr, Þor-mundr (Dan. Runic stone), Þor-steinn (sounded Þosteinn, and often, spelt so in later vellums), Þor-valdr, Þor-varðr, Þór-viðr; of women, Þór-ey, Þór-arna, Þor-finna, Þor-gríma, Þor-gunna, Þór-halla, Þór-hildr, Þór-unn, Þór-dís, Þor-gerðr, Þor-björg, Þor-katla, Þór-ný, Þor-veig, Þór-vör. 2. as a suffix. -Þórr, -Þóra, -dórr, -dóra; Arn-órr, qs. Arn-þórr and Arn-óra, Stein-dórr, Hall-dórr and Hall-dóra, Berg-þórr and Berg-þóra, Ey-þórr and Ey-þóra, Haf-þórr. Of all these names, three demand special mention, viz. Þórðr, being a contr. qs. Þór-røðr (as Bárðr = Bár-röðr), the old uncontr. form occurs in poems of the 10th century, e. g. Þórröðr vinon óra, Korm. 132; so Sighvat calls his own father Þórröðr (dissyll.). yet he makes it rhyme as if contracted (Þorröðr er var forðum), so Þ orðr sk orðu, Bjarn. (in a verse): the other name is Þuríðr, a fem. name, a weakened form for Þóríðr, Íb. 363 (qs. Þór-ríðr, like Sig-ríðr); thirdly, Þyri, a fem. name, weakened from Þór-vé, or still older Þór-veig, mod. Dan. Thyra, see Landn. 309; Þurvi (Þiurvi), gen. Þurviar, on Runic stones.
    II. in local names, Þórs-mörk, Þórs-nes, Þórs-á, Landn., Eb.; whence Þórs-nes-ingar, the men from Th., Landn.; and Þórs-ness-lönd, -þing, Eb., Landn., Korm.: Þórsnesinga-goðord, Landn., Eb., Sturl.: Þórs-engi, n., i. e. Þórs-vengi, = Thaasinge in Fünen, Denmark.
    C. COMPDS: Þórsdagr, Þórshani, Þórshof.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ÞÓRR

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